KEY TO FAMILIES OF WATER BIRDS 



3'. Bill without soft swollen skin around nostrils. 



4. Toes always three in front, middle and outer ones never connected 

 for half their length ; feet strong 1 . 



Passeres : Perching Birds, p. 110. 

 4'. Toes two or three in front ; if three, middle and outer connected 



for at least half their length, or feet small and weak. 

 5. Bill needle-like, or short, with wide gape . Macrochires : 

 Goatsuckers, Swifts, and Hummingbirds, p. 11(X 

 5'. Bill not needle-like nor with wide gape. 

 6. Tail feathers stiff and pointed. 



Pici : Woodpeckers, p. 110. 



6'. Tail feathers soft, with normal tips .... Coccyges 

 Cuckoos, Trogons, and Kingfishers, p. 109. 



KEY TO FAMILIES OF WATER BIRDS. 

 ORDER PYGOPODBS: DIVING BIRDS. 



1. Tail wanting ; feet not fully webbed. 



Fodicipidae : Grebes, p. 5. 



^1'. Tail present, but short ; feet webbed. 



2. Hind toe present Gaviidae : Loons, p. 9. 



2'. Hind toe absent ...... . Alcidae: 



Auks, Murres, and Puffins, p. 11. 



Fig. 3. 



ORDER LONGIPENNES: LONG- WINGED 

 SWIMMERS. 



Fig. 4. 



1 . Upper mandible with distinct basal saddle. 

 4 Stercorariidae : Jaegers, etc., p. 17* 



1'. Upper mandible in one piece. 

 2 Laridae : Gulls and Terns, p. 19. 



Fig.fi. 



