DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS 59 



150. Aythya COllaris (Donov.). RLNG-NECKED DUCK. 



Bill narrower than in A. marila, black, crossed by blue band near end. 

 Adult male : head, except small white triangle on chin, black, glossed 

 with rich purple ; neck encircled by narrow chestnut collar ; chest and 

 back black, back glossed with greenish ; wings blackish, with blue gray 

 speculum ; middle of belly buffy white ; sides finely vermiculated gray ; 

 crissum black. Adult female : throat and face whitish, rest of head, neck, 

 and upper parts dull brown ; wing with blue gray speculum as in male ; 

 chest and sides fulvous, belly white. Length: 15.50-18.00, wing 8.00, 

 bill 1.75-2.00. 



Distribution. North America, south in winter to Guatemala, breeding 

 from Minnesota and North Dakota northward. 



Nest and eggs as in affinis. 



In habits, as well as in general appearance, the ring-neck is very 

 similar to the lesser scaup, but on the water may often be distin- 

 guished by a white patch on the side, at bend of wing. 



GENUS CLANGTJLA. 



General Characters. Bill short, high at base and narrowed toward end ; 

 head with wide, high crest ; males with head green and large white spot 

 at base of bill ; females with head and crest plain brownish. 



KEY TO ADULT MALES. 



1. White patch on cheek, circular americana, p. 59. 



1'. White patch on cheek, triangular islandica, p. 60. 



KEY TO FEMALES. 



1. Head light snuff brown americana, p. 59. 



1'. Head dark umber brown islandica, p. 60. 



151. Clangula clangula americana (Bonap.). AMERICAN 



GOLDEN-EYE. 



Adult male. Head and crest rich dark green, a round white patch at 

 base of bill ; neck and under parts 

 white ; back black, shoulders white ; 

 wing with white central patch and 

 white stripes on scapulars. Adult 

 female : head and upper neck light 

 snuff brown, neck with wide white 

 or gray collar ; belly white ; chest, 

 sides, and shoulders gray ; wing 

 dusky, with white on coverts and 

 secondaries, the white greater cov- 

 erts not tipped with dusky. Nail of 

 bill not over .20 wide. Young male : 

 like female, but sometimes with a 

 suggestion of the white patch at 

 base of bill, and less gray on chest. 

 Male : length 18.50-23.00, wing 9.18, 

 bill 1.95. Female: 16.50, wing 8.14, 

 bill 1.64. 



Distribution. North America, breeding in the northern United States 

 and northward ; south in winter to Cuba and Mexico. 



