WOOD WARBLERS 413 



on back and scapulars ; yellow crown patch concealed by brown tips to 

 feathers ; throat and chest brownish white or buff y brown, chest streaked 

 with black ; yellow patches obscured, black patches with white edges to 

 feathers. Adult female in fall and winter : like winter male, but smaller, 

 upper parts browner, yellow crown patch restricted or obsolete ; under 

 parts pale buff y brown in front and on sides ; median parts of breast and 

 belly yellowish white ; yellow breast patches indistinct or obsolete. Young, 

 first plumage: streaked above and below; wings and tail much as in 

 adults. Male : length (skins) 4.72-5.51, wing 2.76-3.07, tail 1.97-2.36, 

 bill .3S-.43. Female : length (skins) 4.65-5.51, wing 2.64-2.95, tail 2.02- 

 2.32, bill .32-.41. 



Remarks, The yellow-rumped and Audubon warblers are similar, but 

 can be distinguished by the throat, which is white in coronata and yellow 

 in auduboni. 



Distribution. North America, chiefly east and north of Rocky Moun- 

 tains (to Hudson Bay region), straggling westward to the Pacific; breeds 

 from Alaska to northern United States, wintering from southern New 

 England and the Ohio valley south to the West Indies and Panama ; 

 accidental in Greenland and eastern Siberia. 



Nest . Usually low in coniferous trees, made of grasses, twigs, and root- 

 lets, lined with finer grasses, feathers, and hair. Eggs : 3 to 6, white, 

 creamy, or buffy, spotted or blotched chiefly on or around larger end with 

 brown and lilac, sometimes mixed with small black markings. 



Food. Insects, their eggs and larvae, and wild berries. 



The yellow-rump, the eastern representative of the Audubon 

 warbler, migrates through Colorado, and Prof. Cooke says it is not 

 uncommon for two or three weeks on the plains along the foothills 

 of the Rocky Mountains, where a few range up to 9000 feet. It mi- 

 grates from ten days to two weeks ahead of auduboni, but in May 

 the two species are often found together. 



656. Dendroica auduboni (Towns.). AUDUBON WARBLER. 



Adult male in spring and summer. Throat, crownpatch, and rump yellow; 

 under parts white, yellow, and solid black ; upper parts bluish gray, streaked 

 with black ; wing coverts with large white 

 patches ; tail black, inner webs of four 

 or five outer feathers with large subter- 

 minal patch of white. Adult female in 

 spring and summer: like summer male, 

 but duller, and with less black on under 

 parts; upper parts usually more or less 

 tinged with brown; yellow crown patch 

 restricted, and partly tipped with brown- 

 ish gray ; wings with narrower bands ; 

 chest and sides grayish, marked with 

 black; color patches restricted. Adult 

 male in fall and winter: duller and 

 browner than summer male, upper parts 

 washed with brown, wing markings tinged *"rom Biologi^Sm-vey^U. S. Dept. of 

 with brown ; black of chest and sides ^ 1CU 



rtfbstly concealed by brownish white edges 



to feathers. Adult female in fall and winter : like winter male, but smaller 

 and duller, back without sharply defined streaks ; yellow patches paler and 



