It has been found more satisfactory and economical to decide which surface finish is desired before 

 the work is started so that the surface may be treated immediately after the forms are taken down and while 

 the concrete is green. On plastered surfaces, the rough or unfinished side of the board should be next to 

 the wall. This gives a rough surface and aids the plaster in adhering to the wall. Boards of unequal thick- 

 ness should be avoided in forms in which a surface finish is desired. 



Back Fill: All coarse material, such as broken stone or unused gravel, should be placed in back of wall. A volume 



of at least one-half cubic yards of such material should be placed at the inside end of the drains, so that they 

 will not become stopped up with earth. Space drains of three inch diameter five feet on centers, and plare 

 them at such a height from the surface of the ground that a free discharge of the water back of the wall will 

 be allowed. Supplying the wall with drains aids waterproofing and serves as a precautionary method of 

 eliminating the hydrostatic head which may form back of the wall. 



The following notes are to be used in connection with Plates I, II, III, and IV. 



The spacing shown on line 'M' Plate IV is given for a wall of 25 foot height, (H=25 '-0"). For any 

 wall of less height the spacing applies as given, to be read from the top, omitting whatever rods may not be 

 included. Example: The spacing of these horizontal rods for an 18ft. wall (H=18'-0") would be as 

 follows, reading downward from the top: 2'0", 2'0", 1'6", 1'3". Three spaces at I'O", seven spaces at 9" 

 and two spaces at 6", the remaining rods of the sketch being omitted. The sum of the above spaces equal 

 16'0". The bottom slab is I'-IO" according to the tables; therefore, 16'0" plus I'lO" equals 17'10" or the last 

 horizontal tie rod is 2" above the bottom slab of the wall. 



Note on Sheets extend continuously across the front face of the counterfort type as indicated in section X Y of 



"Steelcrete" Plate IV, Sheets 6'0'' total length of the same size as in front to be placed on back of face wall at the 



for Counter- counterforts. This is also indicated in the same section. The direction of the diamonds in all the mesh in 



fort Type: tne f ace wall is given in the rear elevation of Plate IV. All sheets should be lapped the length of one 



diamond (8") on the ends to insure continuity, and the width of one diamond (3") on the sides. Wherever 



two or more sheets are required a spacing of one inch should be allowed between sheets to insure a good 



bond in the concrete. 



Spacing of 

 Horizontal 

 Tie Rods : 



142 



