HEMIBASIDII. 



109 



ings consist of chlamydospores (resting-spores), which germinate and become 

 free, ascus-like sporangia, with numerous small spores. In nutritive solutions 

 the chlamydospores form conidia with yeast-like buddings. P. macrosporus on 

 jEgopodium, and other Umbelliferae. 



Order 3. Thelebolaceae. Thelebolus stercoreus, is found on the dung of 

 deer, hares, and rabbits, and has closed sporangia, which resemble asci in their 

 shape and regular construction, and in the ejection of spores. The covering 

 encloses only one sporangium, even where the sporangia arise close together. 



This order, by reason of the covering of the sporangia, forms the 

 transition from the Hemiasci to the Carpoasci, while the two first 

 supply an intermediate step to the Exoasci. 



Sub-Class 2. Hemibasidii, Brand-Fungi. 



The Brand-Fungi (also known as USTILAGINE^) are Fungi with 

 basidia-like conidiophores, which, however, have not yet advanced to 

 a definite form or number of conidia. They are true parasites, 

 whose mycelium spreads itself in the intercellular spaces of Flower- 



FIG. 96. Entyloma ranunculi. 1. Cross section of a portion of a leaf of Ficaria permeated 

 by the mycelium ; a bundle of hyphee with conidia emerging from a stoma ; in one of the 

 cells are found four brand-spores. 2. A brand-spore developed in the middle of a hypha. 



ing plants. The mycelium is colourless, quickly perishable, has 

 transverse walls at some distance from each other (Fig. 96), and 

 sends out haustoria into the cells of the host-plant. 



It most frequently happens that the germ-tube enters the host- 

 plant at its most tender age, that is, during the germination of the 

 seed ; the mycelium then wanders about in the tissues of the shoot 



