162 BASIDIOMYCETES. 



Order 3. Thelephoracese. The hymenium is placed on a 

 stroina and covers the smooth surface of the leathery hemiangio- 

 carpic fruit-body, generally on its under side. The edge of the 

 stroma, which bounds the hymenium is sometimes especially 

 developed (Sterewn). Saprophytes. 



GENEKA: Thelephora. The fruit-bodies in this genus are brown, very ir- 

 regularly shaped, and often lobed. The spores too are brown, but in the other 

 genera colourless. The species are found growing on barren soil. T. 

 laciniata (Fig. 165) has imbricate, semi-circular, dark-brown pileus, which i& 

 jagged at the edge and upper surface. The fruit-bodies are very often raised 

 above the ground, and although this species is not a parasite, yet it destroys 

 young seedlings by growing above and smothering them. Stereum has a 

 stiffer fruit-body, with a distinct, fibrous, intermediate layer. It grows on 

 bark and wood, projecting like a series of imbricate brackets. S. hirsutum is 

 yellow ; its free edge is provided with a number of stiff hairs, the upper surface 

 being divided into a number of zones. S. purpnreum has a red- violet hymenium 



which distinguishes it from the 

 previous species. Cypliella has a 

 membranous cup, or bell-shaped 

 fruit-body, often borne on a stalk, 

 the concave surface being covered 

 with the hymenium. They are 

 small, white Fungi, growing on 

 Moss and dead stems. Solenia is 

 closely related to Cyphella ; its 

 fruit-bodies are smaller and hairy ; 

 they are found clustered together 

 forming a crust-like covering on 

 dead ^oA. - Craterellus has a 



Pi e .165.-Tfc.Up*omlflnita(nat.Bize). 



large, funnel-shaped fruit-body, 



the hymenium covering the external surface. C. cornucopioidcs is shaped like 

 a trumpet or a " horn of plenty." It is dark-grey, several inches in height, and 

 grows gregariously on the ground in forests. It is distinguished by the basidia 

 bearing only two sterigmata. 



Order 4. Hydnaceae. The fruit-body is most frequently 

 fleshy, and varies considerably in shape, the simplest forms being 

 resupinate, 1 the higher ones umbrella-like. The hymenophore is 

 found on the free or downward-turned surface, and always takes 

 the form of soft emergencies hanging vertically downwards. The 

 emergencies may be thorn-, awl-, or wart-like. The species are 

 found growing on the soil and on dead wood. 



GENERA : Hydnum has subulate, distinct emergences. H. rcpandum is 

 yellow, the stalk being placed in the centre of the pileus. It is an edible 



1 In the resupinate fruit-bodies a fertile and sterile surface cannot be dis- 

 tinguished (cf. Polyporaceae and some 



