476 DICOTYLEDONEE. 



Order 1. Passifloraceae (Passion-flowers). The majority 

 are herbs which climb by means of tendrils (modified branches) 

 and have scattered, stipulate leaves, often palminerved and 

 lobed (Fig. 515). The flowers, which are often large and 

 beautiful, are regular, , with S5, P5, A5, G3 ; the calyx and 

 corolla are perigynous, and immediately inside the corolla is 

 the "corona," consisting of numerous, tapering, filamentous 

 bodies, or sometimes united in rings, most frequently petaloid 

 and coloured ; the stamens are raised on a long, round internode 

 above the cup-like receptacle ; immediately above these is the 

 gynceceum with its 3 free styles and capitate stigmas ; the ovary 

 is unilocular with 3 parietal placentae. Fruit most frequently a 

 berry. The seeds have an aril. 



210 species ; especially in Tropical America. Several Pass(/?om-species are 

 ornamental plants, and the fruits of some species are edible. 



Order 2. Papayacese. The best known representative is the 

 Papaw (Carica papaya), a Tropical American tree whose stem is 

 usually un branched, and bears at its summit several large, palmi- 

 lobed leaves on long stalks. The stem and leaves have latex. The 

 large, Melon-like berries are edible, and for this reason it is culti- 

 vated in the Tropics. Flowers unisexual, with slightly different 

 structure in the - and $ -flowers, besides intermediate forms. 

 The ^-flower has a gamopetalous, the $ -flower a polypetalous 

 corolla. The milky juice contains a substance with similar action 

 to pepsine. 10 stamens. 5 carpels. 



Order 3. Turneraceae. 85 species ; especially in America. 

 Order 4 Samydaceae. 160 species ; tropical. 



Order 5. Loasaceae. Herbaceous plants seldom shrubs, some- 

 times climbing, and nearly always studded with stif hairs, in some 

 instances stinging or hooked. The leaves are most frequently 

 palmilobed and without stipules. The flowers are regular, J , 

 polypetalous, entirely epigynous, with 4-5 sepals, petals and sta- 

 mens, or more frequently (by splitting) many stamens, those 

 which are placed before the sepals being generally barren and 

 more or less petaloid; carpels most frequently 3, united into 

 an inferior, unilocular ovary with 3 parietal placentae, above 

 which the receptacle is generally more or less prolonged. Fruit 

 a capsule ; iu Gronovia an ovary with 1 ovule and fruit a nut. 



115 species ; principally from S. Am. A number of annuals are often grown in 

 our gardens : Bartonia aurea (California) ; Mentzelia ; Cajopliora ; Gronovia. 



