496 



DICOTYLEDONES. 



5. PEUCEDANE2E, PARSNIP GROUP (Figs. 535-537). The fruit is 

 most frequently very strongly compressed dorsally, with broad, 

 mostly winged, lateral ridges. Only primary ridges. The dorsal 

 ridges may project considerably, but are not winged. Ortho- 

 spermous. 



FIG. 535. An'liangelica officinalis. 

 Transverse section of fruit. 



FIG. 536. Scorodosmafvetidum. 

 Transverse section of fruit. 



a. The winged lateral ridges stand out from each other, so that 

 the fruit appears to be 4-winged (Fig. 535). Angelica; Arch- 

 angelica (Fig. 535) ; Levisticum (Lovage). 



b. The winged lateral ridges lie close together, and form one 

 wing on each side of the fruit (Fig. 536). Pastinaca (Parsnip). 

 Corolla yellow. The dorsal ridges are very weak ; the oil-ducts 

 do not reach quite as far as the base of the fruit. Both large and 

 small involucres are wanting ; leaflets ovate. Anethum (Dill) is a 

 Parsnip with more distinct dorsal ridges and filamentous leaflets. 



Peucedanum (Hog's-fennel) ; Ferula (with 

 Scorodosma, Fig. 536, and Narthex) ; Dorema. 

 Heracleum (Cow-parsnip) ; the flowers in 

 the margin of the umbels are often very 

 large, zygornorphic, and project like rays, 

 e.g. in H. sibiricum. The fruit is very flat, 

 with very small dorsal ridges ; the oil-ducts 

 are more or less club-like and do not reach 

 as far as the base of the fruit (Fig. 537). 

 Itnperatoria ; Tordylium. 

 6. DAUCE^, CARROT GROUP (Fig. 528). The fruit has 18 ridges, 

 i.e. each fruitlet has 5 primary and 4 secondary ridges, the latter 

 being often more prominent and projecting further than the 

 primary ones. The oil-ducts are situated under the secondary 

 ridges (Fig. 528). 



a. -ORTHOSPERMOTJS : Daucus (Carrot). The secondary ridges 

 project much further than the primary, and bear on their crests a 



FIG. 537. Heracleum sphon- 

 dylium. Fruit. 



