HYSTEROPHYTA. 



503 



through the bark and emerge as young plants. The young stem quickly ceases 

 its longitudinal growth, and lateral shoots are developed from the axils of its 

 foliage-leaves. These and all following shoots have a similar structure ; each of 

 them bears a pair of scale-leaves (Fig. 542 A, a) and a pair of foliage-leaves (Fig. 



FIG. 543. To the left the Rafflesiaceona Cytinus hypocistus, parasitic on the roots of Cis- 

 / tits. To the right the Balanophoi aceous Cynomorium coccineum, parasitic on the roots of 

 Salicomia. 



