508 



DICOTYLEDONES. 



2. ANDROMEDEJE. The flowers are 5-merous (S5, P5, A5 + 5, G5), 

 with deciduous corolla. Capsule with loculicidal dehiscence. The 

 leaves are scattered, and incline more to the ordinary broad-leaved 

 forms. Andromeda; Gaultheria; Cassandra (Lyonia) ; Cassiope. 



FIG. 545. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi. 



3. ARBUTE.E. The flowers as in the preceding group (Fig. 545), 

 but the fruit is a berry or drupe. Arctostaphylos (A. uva-ursi, Bear- 

 berry) has a drupe with 5 stones in a dry, farinaceous pulp ; in 

 other species there is 1 stone with several loculi. Arbutus {A. 

 unedo, Strawberry-tree) has a spherical berry. 



Pollination is effected by means of insects, especially by bees. The pollen 

 is light and dry, and is shaken out through the pores of the anthers when the 

 insects agitate the horn-like appendages during their visits. Self-pollination 

 takes place, no doubt, in many cases. 800 species; the very large genus, 

 Erica, especially in S. Africa (the Cape). OFFICINAL : the leaves of Arctosta- 

 phylos uva ursi. Arbutus unedo (S. Europe) has an edible, peculiarly warted 

 .(strawoerry-like) fruit. Many .En'ca- species are cultivated as ornamental plants. 



Order3. Rhodoraceae (Rhododendrons). This differs from 

 the preceding order in the median sepal being anterior, and hence 

 the position of the other floral whorls is also reversed. The flower 

 is hypogynous, in most cases 5-merous ; the corolla is most fre- 

 quently deeply cleft or polypetalous, and falls off after flowering ; 

 the anthers open by pores, and have no horn-like appendages. 

 Capsule with septicidal dehiscence. The shrubs or small trees 

 belonging to this order have, like the Vaccinese, ordinary foliage- 

 leaves, and the buds are generally provided with large bud-scales. 



Rhododendron has 10 stamens, and a slightly zygomorphic flower 

 with deeply 5-cleft corolla (the section Azalea has frequently 



