PERSONATE. 



521 



(see Fig. 558). The corolla is funnel-shaped. The flowers are 

 solitary, large. Hyoscyamus (II. niger, Henbane) has a pyxidium 

 (Fig. 557) enclosed in the campanulate, completely persistent, 

 thick-walled calyx. The flowers are slightly zygomorphic, and 

 borne in unipared scorpioid cymes. Scopolia (pyxidium) ; Falriana 

 (Heather-like shrub) ; Petunia (slightly zygomorphic flower ; funnel-shaped 

 corolla) ; Nierembergia ; Brunfelsia (almost a drupe) ; Franciscea ; Browallia. 

 Among those with capsular fruits are found the most anomalous 

 forms, which by their zygomorphic flowers and often didynamous 

 stamens present the transition to the Scrophulariaceae : Salpig- 

 lossis ; Schizantlius (lobed petals ; 2 perfect, and 3 rudimentary 

 stamens). 



B. FRUIT A BERRY. Solanum (Nightshade) ; rotate corolla 

 (Fig. 559). The stamens have short filaments, the anthers 

 stand erect, close together round the style, like a cone in the 



559. 560. CC1. 



Fies. 559-561. Solarium tuberosum. 



FIG. 559. Flower (i). FIG. 560. Stamen, ejecting pollen. 



FIG. 561. Longitudinal section of seed. 



centre of the flower, and open by pores at the apex (Fig. 560). 

 S. tuberosum (the Potato-plant); the Potato-tuber is a swollen, underground 

 stem; the "eyes" are buds, situated in the axils of its scale-like, quickly- 

 perishing le&ves.Lycopersicum resembles Solanum in the flower, but 

 the united anthers open by longitudinal clefts and have an apical 

 appendage. The cultivated species, L. esculentum (Tomato), has 

 often a higher number than 5 in the flower, and in the fruit several 

 loculi of unequal size. Physalis (Winter Cherry) ; the calyx ulti- 

 mately swells out in the form of a bladder, becomes coloured, and 

 loosely envelopes the spherical berry. Capsicum (Guinea Pepper- 

 plant) ; some species have very large, irregular, rather dry (red, 

 yellow, black) berries, which are unilocular in the upper part. 

 Ltjcium (false Tea-plant) ; the corolla is salver- or funnel-shaped ; 

 shrubs; often thorny. Atmpa (A. belladonna, Deadly Nightshade, 



