DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY 



2737 



DlJSSELDORF 



of an intercolonial rly. and other 

 liberal measures afterwards ap- 

 proved and carried out. He died 

 at Cowes, July 28, 1840. In 1833 

 he had been made an earl, and his 

 successor was his son, George. See 

 Life and Letters, S. J. Reid, 1906. 

 Durham Light Infantry. Brit- 

 ish regiment, of which the two 

 battalions were formerly the 68th 

 and 106th 

 regiments of 

 light infantry. 

 The former 

 was raised in 

 1756 as a 2nd 

 battalion of 

 the 23rd regi- 

 ment, becom- 

 Durham Light Inf an- ing in 1758 

 try Regiment badge a separate 

 corps numbered the 68th. Organ- 

 ized as a light infantry regiment in 

 1808, it was called the 1st battalion 

 Durham Light Infantry in 1881. 

 The battalion fought in the West 

 Indies in 1761, and was granted 

 the motto " Faithful " for its 

 services against the natives in 

 St. Vincent. It took part in the ill- 

 fated Walcheren expedition (1809), 

 in the Spanish campaign of 1 811, in 

 which it earned distinction at 

 Salamanca and Vittoria, and in the 

 Crimean War it fought, at Alma and 

 Inkerman. 



The 2nd battalion, raised in 

 1826, served in the Mahratta War, 

 1844, and the Persian War (1856). 

 Other important services include 

 the Maori campaign, the Egyptian 

 War, 1885, and the South African 

 War (Colenso, Spion Kop, Pieter's 

 Hill). During the Great War the 

 1st battalion remained in India 

 in 1914, and the 2nd arrived 

 hi France while the battle of 

 the Aisne was in progress, Sept., 



1914. The 8th Durhams formed 

 part of a division of northern 

 Territorials, and were present at 

 the second battle of Ypres, April, 



1915. Some Durhams waged an- 

 other desperate fight around the 

 Butte of Warlencourt in Oct., 1916, 

 where a memorial has been erected 

 to their honour; and Durhams 

 formed part of the force which 

 made a gallant stand to save Mer- 

 ville in April, 1918. The depot i* 

 at Newcastle-on-Tyne. 



Durian (Durio zibethinus) 

 Large evergreen tree of the natural 

 order Malvaceae. It is a native of 

 Malaya and the Indian Archipelago. 

 The prickly fruit, as large as a 

 man's head, is greatly esteemed by 

 the Malays and Chinese, but for 

 Europeans it is an acquired taste. 

 At the right point of ripeness it is 

 a sort of vegetable custard, and 

 equal to the finest of nectarines 

 and pears. But it has an indescrib- 

 able odour which fills many with 



disgust, though its flavour is most 

 tempting to the palate. 



Durra. Name for the seeds of 

 Indian millet (q.v. ) or Guinea corn. 

 Dursley. Parish and market 

 town of Gloucestershire, England. 

 It is 15 m. S.S.W. of Gloucester by 

 the Mid. Rly., at the foot of the 

 scarp of the Cotswolds. Cycles are 

 manufactured and bath-stone is 

 quarried. Pop. 2,601. 



Duruy, JEAN VICTOR (181 1-94). 

 French historian and academician. 

 Born in Paris, Sept. 11, 1811, he 

 became successively master at the 

 Ecole Norm ale and professor at the 

 Ecole Poly technique. In 1863-69 

 he was minister of public instruc- 

 tion. His works include histories of 

 France and Greece and a monu- 

 mental Histoire des Remains, 

 7 vols., 1879-85. He died Nov. 25, 

 1894. See Life (in French), E. 

 Lavisse, 1895. 



D'Urville Sea. Portion of the 

 Antarctic Ocean. It lies off Ad61ie 

 Land, on the Antarctic Circle of 

 Mertz Glacier, and contains Com- 

 monwealth Bay. It was named 

 after the French explorer, Dumont 

 d'Urville (1790-1842), by the 

 Mawson Antarctic Expedition, 

 1911-14. 



Dury. Village of France. It is 

 on the Arras-Cambrai road in dept. 

 of Pas-de-Calais, about midway 

 between Drocourt and Qu6ant. 

 The village and hill commanding 

 the Arras-Cambrai road were cap- 

 tured by Canadians, Sept. 2, 1918. 

 There is another village of this 

 name about If m. S. of Amiens, in 

 the dept. of Somme. See Arras, 

 Fifth Battle of. 



Duse, ELEONORA (1859-1924). 

 Italian actress, born near Venice, 

 Oct. 3. 1 859. Her parents belonged 

 to a travelling 

 company. 

 From the age 

 1 of four, when 

 I she appeared 

 1 in Les Mise"r- 

 I ables , she 

 I played in vari- 

 *" ous juvenile 

 parts. Her first 

 success came 

 at Turin, 1 879, 

 and in 1882 

 she was a lead- 

 ing player in 

 Rossi's c o m- 

 pany, winning 

 Leonora Duse, at Florence 

 Italian actress f ur ther success 

 as Frou-Frou. As Marguerite Gau- 

 tier in La Dame aux Camelias at 

 Rome, 1883, she was recognized as 

 one of the greatest living actresses, 

 a reputation confirmed by her sub- 

 sequent performances at Vienna 

 and Berlin, London, and New 

 York. Her finest impersonations 



included Magda, La Tosca, San- 

 tuzza in Cavalleria Rusticana, 

 Mirandolina in La Locandiera, 

 Paula in The Second Mrs. Tan- 

 queray, Nora in A Doll's House, 

 and heroines in D'Annunzio's 

 dramas. She died April 21. 1924 

 Dusius. Demon among the an- 

 cient Gauls mentioned by S. Augus- 

 tine. It was suggested by John 

 Brand ( 1744-1806), in his Observa- 

 tions on Popular Antiquities, that 

 the exclamation, Deuce, commonly 

 accepted as signifying the devil, is 

 really derived from the name of 

 this Dusius. See Demonology. 



Dussek, JOHANN LADISLATJS 

 (1761-1812). Bohemian pianist 

 and composer. Born at Czaslau, 

 Feb. 9, 1761, the son of a musician, 

 he studied music at Iglau and 

 Prague and gained a great repu- 

 tation as pianist, composer, and 

 teacher. He was successively or- 

 ganist at Mechlin, Bergen-op-Zoom, 

 and Amsterdam. After 1786 he 

 was a fashionable pianist and 

 teacher in Paris, and from 1790 to 

 1800 in London, which he left to 

 avoid his creditors. He was after- 

 wards in the suite of a Prussian 

 prince and later in that of Talley- 

 rand. He died March 20,1812. The 

 playing of Dussek was distin- 

 guished by its beauty of tone, and 

 he was a prolific composer of piano 

 music. Pron. Dooshek. 



Diisseldorf . City and district of 

 Germany, in the Rhine prov. It 

 stands in the centre of a plain, at the 

 confluence of the 

 Rhine and Diis- 

 selbach, at the 

 junction of sev- 

 eral rlys., 24 m. 

 by rly. N.W. of 

 Cologne. A prom- 

 enade between 

 the fine Rhine 

 bridge (1896-98) 

 and the harbour 

 1902. The 



Diisseldorf arms 



was completed in 

 narrow, irregular streets of the old 

 town, which is separated from the 

 new by the broad AUeestrasse, 

 with statues of Wilhelm I, Bis- 

 marck, and Moltke, contrast with 

 the open and picturesque aspect of 

 the new, with its broad and tree- 

 lined avenues and squares. The 

 old electoral palace, once the home 

 of the Academy of Art, was almost 

 destroyed by fire hi 1872. The 

 Gothic-Renaissance Rathaus, 1570 

 -7 3, was extended ua 1 885. In front 

 of it is Grupello's bronze eques- 

 trian statue of the elector Johann 

 Wilhelm, erected 1711. Notable 

 among the 37 churches, two-thirds 

 of which are Roman Catholic, are 

 S. Lambert, 14th century Gothic ; 

 S. Andrew, 1629, once the church of 

 the court and of the Jesuits ; and 

 S. Roche. The Hofgarten, 1769, 



D 4 



