DYAK 



2746 



DYERS' COMPANY 



dropped huee striated boulders of 

 granite, jasper, and other rocks. 

 The resultant conglomerate re- 

 sembles English boulder-clay, but 

 so greatly hardened as to be quar- 

 ried at Umgeni for road-metai. 

 This conglomerate was overlaid 

 by the fine-grained upper Dwyka 

 shales, whose fossil reptiles and 

 plants correlate them with the In- 

 dian Gondwana system. This series 

 is named after the Dwyka river. 



Dyak OK DAYAK. Popular name 

 for the Indonesian non-Malay 

 peoples in Borneo. The land Dyak 

 embrace some settled agricultural 

 tribes in the 

 Klema n t a n 

 I group. They 

 1 useSft.blow- 

 -1 guns, sumpi- 

 j tan, with en- 

 I venomed 

 I darts, and 



Dyak. Woman 

 in native cos- 

 tume. Above, 

 man in gala dress 



practise c r e m a- 

 tion. The rounder- 

 headed pro to- 

 Malayan sea Dyak, 

 preferably called 

 Iban, are the most 

 tattooed Bornean 

 tribe and were 

 the most inveter- 

 ate head-hunters. 

 See Borneo. 



Dyas(Gr., the number two). Al- 

 ternative name for the uppermost 

 system of palaeozoic rocks, called 

 by R. Murchison the Permian. It 

 was introduced by J. Harcou. on 

 the analogy of the Trias which lies 

 above it, because it is represented 

 in Germany by two well-marked 

 stages, the red sandstone (Roth- 

 liegende) and the minestone^(Zech- 

 stein). See Permian. > 



Dyce, ALEXANDER (1798-1869). 

 Shakespearean editor and literary 

 and dramatic critic. Born at Edin- 

 burgh, June 30, 1798, he was edu- 

 cated at the High School and 

 Exeter College, Oxford, subse- 

 quently taking orders. In 1825 he 

 gave up clerical work and devoted 

 himself to editing the old dramat- 

 ists. He brought out George Peele, 

 1828; John Webster, 1830; and 

 Robert Greene, 1831. In 1833 he 



Alexander Dyce, 



William Dyce, 

 Scottish painter 



he produced a 



completed Gifford's edition of Shir- 

 ley, and edited Thomas Middle- 

 ton in 1840, and John Skelton in 

 1843. He brought out the Works 

 of Beaumont and Fletcher in 11 

 vols., 1843-46; 

 issued an edi- 

 tion of Mar- 

 lowe in 1850 ; 

 and in 1857 

 appeared his 

 valuable edi- 

 tion of Shake- 

 speare, which 

 he was en- 

 gaged in re- 

 Shakespearean editor vjsing when he 



died in London, May 15,1869. 



Dyce, WILLIAM (1806-64). Scot- 

 tish painter. He was born at Aber- 

 deen, Sept. 19, 1806, and educated 

 at the Maris- 

 c h a 1 College. 

 In 1830 he set- 

 tled at Edin- 

 burgh as a 

 portrait-paint- 

 er. In 1835 

 he was elected 

 Associate of 

 the Scottish 

 Academy. Suc- 

 cessful in the 

 Westminster 

 Hall competition, 

 fresco, The Baptism of S. Ethel- 

 bert, the first to be completed in 

 the existing Houses of Parlia- 

 ment, 1845; and in 1848 became 

 R.A. He died at Streatham, 

 Feb. 14, 1864. See illus. p 753. 



Dyer, STB EDWARD (c. 1540- 

 1607). English courtier and poet. 

 Born at Sharpham Park, Somerset- 

 shire, son of Sir Thomas Dyer, he 

 was educated at Oxford, and after 

 Continental travel was introduced 

 at court in 1566. A close friend of 

 the Sidneys, and a member of the 

 literary coterie known as the Areo- 

 pagus, he enjoyed a high reputa- 

 tion as a man of character and a 

 poet. He was sent by Elizabeth on 

 a diplomatic mission to the Low 

 Countries in 1584, acted as one of 

 the pall bearers at Sir Philip 

 Sidney's funeral in 1586, went on 

 a diplomatic mission to Denmark 

 in 1589, and acted as commissioner 

 for the attachment of forfeited 

 lands. Knighted and made chan- 

 cellor of the order of the Garter in 

 1596, he retired after the accession 

 of James I. He died in 1607, and 

 was buried in S. Saviour's, South- 

 wark. As a poet, he is best re- 

 membered as author of the ballad, 

 My Mind to Me a Kingdom is, pub- 

 lished (without author's name) in 

 William Byrd's Medius : Psalms, 

 Sonnets, and Songs of Sadness and 

 Piety, 1588. See Works, ed. with 

 memorial introduction A. B. Gro- 

 sart, 1872 (Fuller Worthies' Lib.). 



Dyer, JOHN (1700-57). British 

 poet. A Welshman by birth, after 

 studying art for a short time he 

 became a clergyman. His chief 

 merit is in the appreciation xor 

 nature shown in his poems Grongar 

 Hill and The Country Walk, both 

 published in Savage's Miscellany, 

 1726. The Ruins of Rome ap- 

 peared in 1740. He died l)ee. 15, 

 1757. See Poems, ed. with bio- 

 graphical introd. E. Thomas, 1903. 

 Dyer, REGINALD EDWARD HARRY 

 (b. 1864). British soldier. Born 

 Oct. 9, 1864, he was educated at 

 Middleton College, co. Cork, and 

 entered the R.W. Surrey Regt. in 

 Aug., 1885. Proceeding to India, 

 where he passed through the staff 

 college, he joined the Indian army, 

 reaching the rank of colonel in 

 June, 1910. Dyer became a briga- 

 dier-general in 1916, and was 

 created C.B. in 1917. In 1919 he 

 commanded the 45th infantiy 

 (Jullunder) brigade, and to cope 

 with disorders at Amritsar, he 

 arrived there on April 11. 



On April 13 he ordered his troops 

 to fire on the mob of 5, 000 assembled 

 at the Jallianwallah Bagh, when 

 about 379 natives were killed and 

 J,200 wounded. A committee 

 appointed in Oct., 1919, to in- 

 vestigate the disturbances, issued 

 its report in 

 May, 1920, in 

 which Gen. 

 Dyer was 

 severely cen- 

 sured. Having 

 been super- 

 seded in India, 

 his case was 

 considered by 

 the Army 

 Council in 

 June, 1920, by whom the report 

 of the committee was approved, 

 and he retired in July. There was 

 a good deal of sympathy expressed 

 for Dyer by those who thought 

 his prompt action had averted a 

 serious rising, and through The 

 Morning Post over 21,000 was 

 raised for him. See Amritsar, 

 N.V. ; India. 



Dyers' Company ", THE. London 

 city livery company. Incorporated 

 1471, it was originally one of the 

 12 chief com- 

 panies. With the 

 Vintners it has 

 the right of keep- 

 ing swans on the 

 Thames, and it 

 administers a 

 number of chari- 

 ties. The hall in 

 Dowgate Hill, 

 B.C., erected 

 1857, is one of four, the first of 

 which, on the site of Dj'ers' Hall 

 Wharf, was burnt in 1666. 



Dyers' Company 

 arms 



