EASTBOURNE 



founders were Angles. The first 

 East Anglian king about whom 

 anything definite is known is Raed- 

 wald, who died about 620. His 

 successors were in turn the vassals 

 of Northumbria, Mercia, and Wes- 

 sex, until the Danes invaded their 

 land and killed their King Edmund 

 in 870. In the 10th centuiy also 

 there were East Anglian kings, but 

 they were only underlings of the 

 English kings, as were the earls 

 who ruled the land subsequently. 

 To-day East Anglia is used loosely 

 to describe the district between 

 the Wash and the Nore. 



Eastbourne. County borough 

 and watering-place of Sussex, Eng- 

 land. It stands on the English 

 Channel, with 

 Beachy Head on 

 the W. and is 

 66 in. S.S.E. of 

 London by the 

 L.B. & S.C. Rly. 

 The many at- 

 tractions include 

 a fine parade, 

 nearly three m. 



Eastbourne arms 



long, running right along the sea 

 front, with its gardens, known as 

 the Meads. There are a pier and 

 pavilion, golf links, and provision 

 for tennis, croquet, and other 

 sports, as well as baths, while the 

 South Downs, with their old-world 

 villages, provide pleasant oppor- 

 tunities for walking. The open 

 spaces include Devonshire, Gild- 

 ridge and Hampden Parks, while 

 there are some fine hotels and am- 

 ple accommodation for visitors. 

 Much of the* ground belongs to the 

 duke of Devonshire, who has a resi- 

 dence, Compton Place, here. The 

 chief buildings are the fine block 

 built for municipal purposes, and the 

 Princess Alice Memorial Hospital. 



The chief church is S. Mary's, the 

 old parish church of the village of 

 East Bourne, which is about a 

 mile inland. The other churches 

 are modern, but some of them are 

 fine buildings. The Lamb Inn is 

 interesting, and there is a redoubt 

 and a martello tower. There are 

 many schools, the chief being 

 Eastbourne College. Eastbourne, 

 which only became a borough in 

 1883, is governed by a mayor and 

 corporation, and gives its name to 

 a division sending one member to 

 Parliament. Early in the 19th 

 century it consisted only of three 

 hamlets, but the discovery of its 

 advantages as a seaside resort 

 quickly brought fame and size to it. 

 Pop. (1921) 62,030. 



East cheap. London street ex- 

 tending from Gracechurch Street 

 and Fish Street Hill to Great Tower 

 Street-, E.G. Owing its name to a 

 butchers' market held here as early 

 as the time of King John, and 



2771 



later removed to Leadenhall, the 

 thoroughfare has varied in both 

 length and name, but was known 

 as Eastcheap from about the time 

 of Henry III to the 16th century. 

 About 1831 theW. end disappeared, 

 as did the church of S. Michael's, 

 Crooked Lane, in the new London 

 Bridge improvements, and the E. 



EASTER 



Catholic and Anglican churches 

 expect their members to receive 

 holy communion at Easter, and 

 have special services for Sunday, 

 Monday, and Tuesday. Many 

 special ceremonies also pertain to 

 the celebration of Easter in the 

 Roman Catholic Church. British 

 Nonconformists, who in the 17th 



end became known as Eastcheap century formally repudiated the 



and Little Tower Street. When the 

 street was widened in 1884 the old 

 name was restored for the whole of 

 it. The site of the Boar's Head 

 Tavern, Eastcheap, mentioned by 

 Shakespeare, is marked approxi- 

 mately by the statue of William IV 

 at the junction of King William 

 Street and Gracechurch Street. 



Easter. English name for the 

 eccles. festival commemorative of 

 the Resurrection of Jesus Christ. 



Eastbourne. The beach and sea front, showing the 

 Meads, and looking towards Beach y Head 



The feast, the most important in 

 the Christian year, known as 

 Ostern in Germany, in other coun- 

 tries is called by modifications of 

 the Greek and Latin Pascha. which 

 derives from the Aramaic Pischa 

 and Hebrew Pesach= Passover, 

 the name of the Jewish festival 

 which coincided with the Cruci- 

 fixion. Thus we have in Welsh 

 Pasg, Italian Pasqua, Spanish 

 Pascus, and French Pdques. While 

 applied especially to Easter as 

 being the feast of feasts, the word 

 Pasch is extended to other occa- 

 sions. The sacrifice of Christ, 

 typified by the paschal lamb slain 

 at the Passover, was celebrated as 

 well as His Resurrection ; there 

 was a Pasch of the Cross as well as 

 a Pasch of the Resurrection. 

 Celebrated generally in Christen- 



keeping of this festival, now 

 commonly observe it. A number 

 of pagan customs associated with 

 the vernal equinox survived at 

 Easter until the Middle Ages, and 

 others were adapted by the 

 Christian Church. In regard to the 

 giving of Easter or pasch eggs, 

 the idea that the egg symbolises 

 resurrection is of a comparatively 

 modern origin. Eggs, having been 

 forbidden as food during Lent, 

 were restored at 

 Easter. 



The secular im- 

 portance of Easter 

 is that it governs 

 law, university, 

 and school terms 

 and business ar- 

 rangements gener- 

 ally. Since the 

 8th century i n 

 Western Christen- 

 dom, Easter Day 

 has been cele- 

 brated on the first 

 Sunday after the 

 first full moon, or 

 after the 14th day 

 of the moon, follow- 

 Thus it cannot fall 

 before March 22 nor after April 25. 

 The 14th of the calendar moon, or 

 eccles. full moon, which regulates 

 the date of Easter, falls, however, 

 usually on the 15th or 16th of the 

 real moon. Reviving an ancient 

 and oft-repeated proposal, Lord 

 Desborough, at a conference of the 

 associated chambers of commerce 

 in 1920, moved, on behalf of the 

 London chamber, a resolution in 

 favour of a fixed date for Easter. 



Both the origin of the word 

 Easter and the time of its observ- 

 ance have been subjects of con- 

 troversy. Following the Venerable 

 Bede, the derivation of Easter from 

 Eastre or Eostre, the name of a 

 Teutonic goddess of spring, has 

 been commonly accepted. The 

 dispute in the early Church as to the 



ing March 21. 



clom since the 2nd century, though date of Easter was between the 



Christians of Asia Minor, who were 

 called Quartodecimans because 

 they kept the Resurrection on the 

 third day after the 14th of the 

 Jewish month Nisan, on whatever 

 day of the week it fell ; and the 

 Western Church, which maintained 

 that Easter should always be held 

 on the Lord's Day following the 

 14th. The latter prevailed, and the 



for varying periods, Easter is 

 movable feast, and its occurrence 

 governs the dates of the preceding 

 Lent and the festivals following it. 

 It was long observed as a special 

 time for baptism, for the recon- 

 ciliation of penitents and the 

 release of prisoners^ for the distri- 

 bution of alms and for offerings to 

 the clergy., Both the Roman 



