EDWARD 



2808 



health, to England. He supported 

 the bishops against the evil ad- 

 ministration of Lancaster. He died 

 at Westminster on July 8, 1376, 

 and was buried in Canterbury 

 Cathedral. He was not called the 

 Black Prince until long after his 

 death, the name being probably 

 given him because he wore black 

 armour. His son was Richard II. 

 See Lives, G. P. R. James, 2nd ed. 

 1839; R. P. Dunn-Pattison, 1910. 



Edward, THOMAS (1814-86)- 

 Scottish naturalist. He was born 

 Dec. 25, 1814, at.Gosport, where 

 his father, a private soldier, was on 

 service. He was taken by his 

 parents to Banff at an early ago, 

 and remained there for the rest of 

 his life. From childhood he dis- 

 played a great love for natural 

 history. A poor shoemaker, he for 

 many years spent the whole of his 

 nights out of doors. He discovered 

 between twenty and thirty species 

 new to science, in addition to add- 

 ing to the British fauna a vast 

 number of species hitherto un- 

 known in these islands. In 1866 

 he was elected an associate of the 

 Linnean Society, and a civil list 

 pension was awarded to him. He 

 died April 27, 1886. See Life of a 

 Scotch Naturalist, S. Smiles, 1876. 



Edwardes, GEORGE (1852-1 91 5). 

 British theatrical manager. He was 

 born Oct. 8, 1852, of Irish parents, 

 and started his career as business 

 manager at the Gaiety Theatre, 

 Dublin, 'i In 1875 he became 

 business manager for D' Oyly Carte 

 at the Opera Comique, London, and 

 went with him to the Savoy. He 

 joined John Hollingshead as joint 

 manager at The Gaiety, London, 

 Dec., 1885, and in 1886 became the 

 manager of that theatre, which he 

 directed for nearly thirty years, pro- 

 ducing a long series of successful 

 musical plays. He died Oct. 4, 1915. 



Edwardes, SIR HERBERT BEN- 

 JAMIN (1819-68). British soldier 

 and Indian administrator. He 

 was born at Frodesley, Shropshire, 

 Nov. 12, 1819, and became a cadet 

 in the East India Company in 1840. 

 In 1845-46 he was aide-de-camp to 

 Sir Hugh Gough in the Punjab 

 campaign. As first assistant to 

 Sir Henry Lawrence, the resident 

 at Lahore, he administered Bannu, 

 and his courage and resourceful- 

 ness were conspicuously seen in 

 his defeat of the diwan of Multan, 

 1848. Edwardes rendered signal 

 service during the Mutiny by 

 securing the neutrality of Afghan- 

 istan. Knighted in 1860, he re- 

 turned to England in 1865, and died 

 Dec. 23, 1868. See Memorials of 

 Life and Letters, E. Edwardes, 1886. 



Edwardesabad. Alternative 

 name given to the town of Bannu 

 (q.v.}, N.W. Frontier Prov., India, 



Edward Medal. Medal in- 

 stituted in 1907 by Edward VII to 

 reward heroic acts in civil life, es- 



Edward Medal, instituted as a reward 

 for heroic deeds in civil life (reduced) 



pecially in mines and quarries. It 

 consists of two classes, the Edward 

 medal, and the Edward medal in 

 silver. Bars are awarded for further 

 conspicuous acts of bravery. The 

 medal bears a portrait of King 

 Edward. The ribbon, which is 

 worn in a bow by women, is dark 

 blue with narrow yellow edge. 



Edwards, ALFRED GEORGE 

 (b. 1848). British prelate, the 

 first Anglican archbishop of Wales. 

 Born Nov. 2, 

 1848, he was 

 educated at 

 Jesus College, 

 Oxford, and, 

 having been 

 ordained, be- 

 came in 1875 

 headmaster of 

 Llandovery 

 College. In 

 1885 he was 

 made vicar and 

 rural dean of Carmarthen, and 

 in 1889 was consecrated bishop of 

 St. Asaph. In April, 1920, Dr. 

 Edwards was elected the first arch- 

 bishop of the new province of 

 Wales. See Wales, Church of. 



Edwards, AMELIA BLANDFORD 

 (1831-92). British novelist and 

 Egyptologist. She was born in 

 London , June 7, 

 1831, and for 

 many years 

 wrote stories 

 for Household 

 Words and All 

 the Year 

 Round, besides 

 contributing 

 articles to The 

 Saturday Re- 

 view and The 

 Morning Post. 



Alfred G. Edwards, 

 Archbishop of Wales 



Russell 



J 



Amelia B. Edwards, 

 British novelist 



Barbara's History, 

 1864, was translated into German, 

 Italian, and French; and Lord 

 Brackenbury, 1880, ran into 15 

 editions. In 1882 she founded the 

 Egypt Exploration Fund, and the 

 rest of her life was devoted to that 

 object. She endowed the first Chair 

 of Egyptology at London Uni- 

 versity. She died April 15, 1892. 



Edwards, JOHN PASSMORE 

 (1823-1911). British journalist 

 and philanthropist. Born at Black- 





water, Cornwall, on March 24, 

 1823, the son of a carpenter, he 

 trained himself to be a journalist. 



coming to -u^,^ 



London in 1 

 1846. He was f Jf 

 proprietor and 

 director of the 

 London even- 

 i n g jourm 

 The Ech( 

 1876-96, an 

 sat as Liben 



, rmsT. t^~ J* P&ssniore Edw&rds. 

 bury, 1880-85. British philanthropist 

 Active in muou&frv 



political and 



social reform, he is chiefly re- 

 membered for his benefactions to 

 hospitals, libraries, art galleries, 

 and other public institutions, of 

 which he founded more than 70 of 

 various kinds. He died April 22, 

 1911. ee Echo; Passmore Ed- 

 wards Settlement; consult also 

 the autobiographical A Few Foot- 

 prints, 2nd ed. 1906. 



Edwards, JONATHAN (1703-58). 

 American divine and metaphy- 

 sician. He was born Oct. 5, 1703, 

 at East Wind- 

 sor, Connecti- 

 cut, and in 

 1727 became 

 minister at 

 Northampton, 

 Massachusetts . 

 H i s extreme 

 and logical 

 Calvinism was 

 e x p ounded 

 with unusual 

 power, but his insistence on church 

 discipline broughtdismissal from the 

 pulpit. From 1750-58 he resided at 

 Stockbridge as a missionary to the 

 River Indians, and a few weeks 

 before his death, March 22, 1758, 

 he was appointed president of 

 Princeton College, New Jersey. 

 Edwards was the author of many 

 hooks, of which the most important 

 was A careful and strict Enquiry 

 into .... Freedom of Will, 1754. 

 Works, ed. with Memoir, S. E. 

 Dwight, 10 vols., 1830. See Cal- 

 vinism ; consult also Life, A. V. G. 

 Allen, 1889. 



Edwin OR E AD WINE (c. 585- 

 633). King of Northumbria. The 

 son of Ella, king of Deira, he was 

 driven from Deira after his father's 

 death by the king of Bernicia, and 

 took refuge with Raedwald, king 

 of E. Anglia, who defeated and 

 slew the Bernician king in 617. 

 Edwin then annexed Bernicia and 

 became king of Northumbria. In 

 625 he married Ethelberg, sister of 

 the king of Kent, and in 627 was 

 baptized by Paulinus and his king- 

 dom became Christian. Edwin's 

 overlordship extended over all 

 Anglo-Saxon Britain except Kent, 



Jonathan Edwards, 

 American divine 



