EKA-10DOFORM 



2834 



ELAGABALUS 



Eka-iodoform. Name applied 

 to a sterile iodoform produced by 

 mixing with iodoform a small pro- 

 portion of paraform. 



" Eka," the Sanskrit word for 

 one, was used by Mendeleeff as a 

 prefix for the hypothetical ele- 

 ments which filled the blanks in 

 his arrangement of the elements 

 according to the periodic system. 



Ekaterina (Port Catherine). 

 Harbour of Russia, in the govt. of 

 Archangel. It stands on the Mur- 

 man coast of Kola Bay, 85 m. E. 

 of Lake Enara. The harbour is 

 ice-free all the year round. The 

 naval port of Alexandrovsk close 

 by was founded in 1899. 



Ekaterinburg. Town in Rus- 

 sia, in the govt. of Perm. It stands 

 on the Isset, 175 m. E. of Perm, 

 and is an important station on the 

 Trans-Siberian Rly. It is the centre 

 of the Ural metallurgical works, 

 the assaying laboratory for all the 

 gold of the district. There are iron, 

 marble, porphyry, tallow and soap 

 works, and factories for polishing 

 ornamental stones. Ekaterinburg 

 was founded in 1723 by Peter the 

 Great, and named after his wife. 

 There are two cathedrals, both built 

 in the 18th century. Here, on 

 July 16, 1918, Tsar Nicholas II 

 and his family were murdered by 

 Bolshevists. Pop. 70,000. 



Ekaterinodar. Capital of the 

 Kuban republic in the Caucasus. 

 It stands on the river Kuban and 

 a branch of the Rostov- Vladi- 

 kavkaz rly. It was founded by 

 Catherine II in 1792, and carries 

 on an important cattle trade. It 

 became prominent in the Bolshevist 

 advance against Gen. Denikin's 

 forces in the spring of 1920. Pop. 

 107,360. 



Ekateriuoslav. Government of 

 Ukrainia. It is bounded on the S. 

 by Taurida, on the N. by Poltava 

 and Kharkov, on the W. by Kher- 

 son, on the E. by the Don Cossack 

 territory, and on the S.E. by the 

 Sea of Azov. Three-quarters of the 

 population are Little Russians, the 

 remainder being very mixed. The 

 area is 24,477 sq. m. The soil is the 

 " black earth " and generally fer- 

 tile. The chief occupations are agri- 

 culture, cattle-breeding, bee-keep- 

 ing, and fishing. The minerals are 

 salt, bog- iron, coal, and sandstone, 

 and the industries include the manu- 

 facture of rails, machines, tobacco, 

 and bricks. There are iron-foun- 

 dries, breweries, tallow boileries, 

 and spirit distilleries. The chief ex 

 ports are grain, cattle, horses, wool, 

 tallow, leather, and hides. Pop. 

 3,537.300. Pron. Yekaterinoslaf 



Ekaterinoslav (Russ., Cather- 

 ine's glory). Town of Ukrainia, 

 chief town of the govfc. of Ekater- 

 inoslav. It stands on the Dnieper 



near the beginning of the rapids, 

 250 m. N.E. of Odessa. There are 

 cast-iron, railway line, and tobacco 

 factories. Ekaterinoslav, which is 

 the chief emporium for the trade 

 with Odessa, was built in 1786 by 

 Potemkin as a summer residence for 

 Catherine II on the site of an old 



Ekaterinburg, Russia. Barricaded building in which 



Tsar Nicholas II and his family were imprisoned and 



murdered by Bolshevists 



Polish fortress. The town was cap- 

 tured by the Germans in April, 

 1918. Pop. 220,100. 



Ekhmim, AKHMIM, AKHMYM, OR 

 EKHMYM. Town of Egypt. It stands 

 on the Nile 70 m. S. of Assiut. For 

 more than 2,000 years it has been 

 the chief centre for the manufacture 

 of the cotton shawls used by the 

 natives. Here are the remains of 

 the temple of Pan (the Egyptian 

 Amsu or Min) and other ruins, and 

 an extensive Egyptian and Roman 

 cemetery. In Early Christian times 

 Ekhmim was an important Chris- 

 tian centre. In the neighbourhood, 

 near the village of Hawawish, have 

 been found valuable papyri, in- 

 cluding the " Gospel of Saint 

 Peter." Pop. 23,800. 



Ekron. Ancient town of the 

 Philistines. It is the modern Akir, 

 a small village situated 23 m. N.W. 

 of Jerusalem. 



Elaeagnaceae (Gr. elaia, olive; 

 hagnos, pure). Small natural order 

 of shrubs and trees, natives of the 

 N. temperate and tropical zones. 

 They are more or less covered with 

 silvery or brown scales. They have 

 entire leaves, and small white or 

 yellow flowers. The fruit is mem- 

 branous, and enclosed in the tube 

 of the calyx. The two best known 

 species are the Oleaster (Elaeagnus) 

 and Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae). 



Elaeocarpus (Gr. elaia, olive ; 

 karpos, fruit). Genus of evergreen 

 shrubs and trees of the natural 

 order Tiliaceae. Natives of the East 

 Indies and Australia, they have 

 alternate, lance-shaped or oblong 

 leaves, and small, white, fragrant 

 flowers in sprays. The cherry-like 

 fruit has a rough-shelled seed. 



Elaeococca (Gr. elaia, olive; 

 fcokkos, seed). Genus of plants of 

 the natural order Euphorbiaceae. 

 They are natives of China and 

 Japan. The seeds by pressure yield 

 valuable oil, and those from E. ver- 

 rucosa, a Japanese plant, are used 

 for burning in lamps ; from a 



Chinese species, E. vernicia, is ob- 

 tained an oil useful for mixing paints. 

 Elaeolite (Gr. elaia, olive ; lithos, 

 stone). Dark-coloured variety of 

 the mineral nepheline, chemically a 

 silicate of alumina, soda, and pot- 

 ash. It shows no definite crystal 

 form, has greasy lustre and rough 

 cleavages, and 

 occurs in many 

 volcanic rocks, 

 e.g. the lavas of 

 Monte Somma and 

 Vesuvius, and in 

 zircon-syenite o f 

 Brevig (Norway). 

 See Nepheline. 

 Elagabalus OK 



H E L I O G A BALTJS. 



Roman emperor 

 A.D. 218-222. The 

 son of Sextus Varius Marcellus and 

 Julia Soaemias he was originally 

 called Varius Avitus Bassianus. He 

 was born and brought up at Emesa 

 in Syria, where at the age of 13 he 

 was made priest of Elagabalus, the 

 Syrian sun-god, and assumed his 

 name. By pretending that he was 

 the natural son of Caracalla, his 

 grandmother, Julia Maesa, per- 

 suaded the legions in Syria to pro- 



Elagabalus, one of the worst 

 the Roman Emperors 



From a bust in the Capitol. Rome 



claim him emperor, under the name 

 of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus. 



Abandoning the reins of govern- 

 ment to his mother and grand- 

 mother, he devoted the first year 

 of his reign at Rome to the in- 

 troduction of the worship of the 

 sun-god, represented by a large 

 conical black stone which he had 

 brought with him from the East. 

 A sexual pervert, his short reign 

 was a continuous orgy of vice. An 

 attempt to murder his cousin 

 Alexander, whom the senate had 

 induced him to adopt as his 

 successor, was frustrated by the 

 praetorian guards, who took Alex- 

 ander under their protection and 

 afterwards murdered Elagabalus. 

 Pron. Ela-gabb-alus. 



