ELTON 



2878 



ELY 



Jerusalem line, and is the junction 

 for Gaza and Beersheba. It was 

 captured by Australian troops 

 Nov. 13, 1917. There is another 

 El Tineh on an inlet of the sea, 

 S.E. of Port Said, Egypt, near the 

 ruins of Pelusium. See Palestine, 

 Conquest of. 



Elton OR YELTON. Salt lake of 

 Russia, in the govt. of Astrakhan. 

 It lies on the border of the Kirghiz 

 Steppes, 60 m. E. of the Volga. 

 Area, 60 sq. m. Although it receives 

 the waters of several streams, and 

 has no outlet, it is very shallow, 

 and strongly impregnated with salt, 

 thousands of tons being extracted 

 from it yearly. The Kalmucks call 

 it the lake of gold. 



Elul. Sixth month of the 

 sacred and twelfth month of the 

 civil year of the Jews, correspond- 

 ing approximately to September. 

 It is mentioned in the book of 

 Nehemiah. See Calendar. 



Elutriation (Lat. elutriare, to 

 wash out). Process of obtaining 

 mineral substances in a finely 

 powdered condition by diffusing 

 them in water after they have 

 been ground or crushed. The 

 coarser particles rapidly subside, 

 and the water which still holds the 

 finer particles in suspension is 

 decanted into another vessel and 

 the powder allowed to settle. The 

 process is used for obtaining emery 

 of different grades of fineness, and 

 also for preparing jewellers' rouge 

 free from gritty matter. 



El van. Term applied by miners 

 to the dykes frequently met in Corn- 

 ish tin and copper mines. These 

 dykes have been intruded into 

 vacant spaces in the formations 

 originally over them. In chemical 

 and mineralogical composition, they 

 are identical with the granites of 

 Cornwall, but their mechanical 

 structure is different. They vary 

 in width from a few feet to many 

 yards, and have been often worked 

 for tin. The word elvan is said to be 

 derived from the Cornish term for 

 a spark, elven, from the fact that 

 the rock being hard emits sparks 

 when the pick strikes against it. 

 Other terms by which the rock is 

 known are whinstone, granitic or 

 quartz porphyry, and elvanite. 

 Mineral ogically it is a granular 

 mixture of quartz and orthoclase. 

 See Mineralogy ; Tin. 



Elvas. Frontier city of Portu- 

 gal, hi Portalegre dist. It stands 

 on an affluent of the Guadiana, 

 170 m. E. of Lisbon and 10 m. W. 

 of Badajoz, on the Lisbon-Madrid 

 Rly. It has a Gothic cathedral, 

 a 15th century aqueduct, and an 

 arsenal. The manufactures in- 

 clude pottery and brandy, and the 

 exports olives and plums. The 

 Roman Alpesa or Helvas and the 



Elvas. Fortifications of the city defending the Spanish 

 frontier of Portugal 



Moorish Balesh, Elvas is an his 

 toric place; it held out against the niggardliness, 

 Spanish in 1658 and 1711, but fell during which 

 to the French in March, 1808. he let the es- 

 Pop. 14,018. tate go to ruin 



Elvey, SIR GEORGE JOB (1816- for want of re- 

 93 ). British organist and composer. 

 Born at Canterbury, March 27, 



1816, he be- 

 came a choris- 



ter at the 



cathedral and 



a pupil of the 



organist. In 



1835 he was 



the estate of his 

 uncle, Sir Hervey 

 Elwes of Stoke 

 College, Suffolk, 

 he assumed his 

 name. The es- 

 tate having been 

 originally much 

 encumbered, 

 habits of fru- 

 gality had turned 

 Sir Hervey into a 

 miser, and John 

 Elwes proved an 

 apt pupil. Good- 

 hearted by na- 

 ture, and of un- 

 impeachable 

 honesty, he was 

 kindly to all but 

 himself. After a 

 life of the utmost penury and 



Sir George Elvey, 

 British organist 



pairs, he died 

 Nov. 26, 1789. 

 He left a for- 

 tune of over 

 500,000. 



Elwood.City 

 of Indiana, 



U.S.A., in Madison co. It stands 

 on a small stream, 39 m. N.E. of 

 made organist Indianapolis, and is served by the 

 of S. George's Lake Erie and Western and other 

 Chapel, Wind- rlys. Situated in the natural gas 

 retaining district, it has large tinplate works, 

 and manufactures flour, glass, and 

 furniture. Formerly known as 



sor, 



this post 



until 1882. He was knighted in 



1871, and died Dec. 9, 1893. Elvey's Quincy, it became a" city in 1891. 

 compositions are chiefly church Pop. 11,028. 

 music. See Life, M. Elvey, 1894. 

 Elvira, COUNCIL OF. Ecclesi 



Ely. Episcopal city, urban 

 dist. and market town of Cam- 



astical assembly held at Elvira bridgeshire, England. Situated on 

 in Granada, early in the 4th cen- 

 tury. It was attended by nineteen 

 bishops, and put forth about 

 eighty canons dealing with church 

 discipline. It forbade the venera- 

 tion of pictures in churches, 

 ordered attendance at mass on 

 Sundays, and enjoined celibacy 

 on the clergy. 



Elwell, FRANK EDWIN (b. 1858). 

 American sculptor and art critic. 

 Born at Concord, June 15, 1858, 

 he studied art under D. C. French at 

 New York, and later at Paris under 

 Falguiere and at the Beaux Arts. 

 He was the first American sculptor 

 to have a statue erected in Europe. 

 His work reproduces to some ex- 

 tent the characteristics of ancient 

 Egyptian sculpture, of which he 

 has made a profound study. He 



an eminence on 

 the left bank of 

 the Ouse, in the 

 Isle of Ely, 16 m. 

 N.N.E. of Cam- 

 bridge on the 

 G.E.R., it is fam- 

 ous for its magni- 

 rms of ficent cathedral, 

 e bishop i n 673 Ethel- 

 dreda founded a monastery here for 

 monks and nuns, and became first 

 abbess. It was destroyed by the 

 Danes in 870, and in 970 was re- 

 founded as aBenedictine monastery 

 by Ethelwold, bishop of Winchester. 

 The present cathedral was begun 

 by Abbot Simeon in 1083. It 

 embraces every style of architec- 

 ture from Early Norman to Late 

 Perpendicular. " It is 537 ft. long 



was curator of the sculpture sec- and 189 ft. across the great tran- 

 tion at the Metropolitan Museum, septs. The W. portion of the nave 

 New York, 1902-5. 



Elwes, JOHN (1714-89). British 



and W. tower were added in 1180; 

 the fine Galilee or W. porch was 

 miser. Bom April 7, 1714, son of completed about the beginning of 



Robert Meggott, on succeeding to the 18th century ; the choir was 



