ENABLING ACT 



2897 



sensitive compounds are dissolved 

 or formed in collodion(g. v- ), and are 

 left distributed in the pyroxyline 

 on the solvents evaporating from 

 the coated materials. See Photo- 

 graphy. 



Enabling Act. Popular name 

 for the National Assembly of the 

 Church of England (Powers) Act, 

 which became law in Dec., 1919. 

 It was introduced by the arch- 

 bishop of Canterbury in May, 1919, 

 the object being to set up for the 

 Church of England a national 

 assembly with considerable powers 

 for the government of the Church. 



The national assembly consists of 

 three houses, the two houses of con- 

 vocation and a house of laity. It 

 can discuss any proposal concerning 

 the Church, and pass measures 

 thereon, provided that such do 

 not attempt to define the doctrine 

 of the Church. Its decisions are 

 then submitted to a legislative 

 committee of Parliament, 15 mem- 

 bers from each house, which reports 

 upon them. They are then laid be- 

 fore Parliament, which simply by 

 resolution can approve or disap- 

 prove. If a measure is approved 

 it receives the royal assent and 

 becomes law. 



For electing members of the 

 house of laity and for other pur- 

 poses the Act sets up a roll of elec- 

 tors in each parish. These form 

 a parochial Church council for the 

 affairs of their particular church. 

 The various diocesan conferences 

 elect the members of the house of 

 laity. See Church of England ; Con- 

 vocation ; National Assembly; con- 

 sult also Church Self-Government, 

 P. V. Smith, 1920. 



Enamel. Transparent or opaque 

 glassy substance applied to metal 

 or other surfaces in the form of a 

 paste and then fired to fix it. The 

 material ground very fine, mixed 

 with gum, water, or oil of spike to 

 render it adhesive, and reduced to 

 a pasty consistence is brushed on 

 to the object, which, when duly 

 decorated, is placed in a furnace. 

 In pots, pans, and culinary utensils 

 an internal lining of enamel pro- 

 tects the iron body from oxidi- 

 sation when exposed to heat and 

 wet or from corrosion by acids. 

 The metal, after having been 

 annealed to bear the heat, is 

 dipped into the glaze and fired in 

 a furnace at 1,500 F. 



In the fine arts enamel is princi- 

 pally used in connexion with pot- 

 tery and porcelain wares, jewelry, 

 watches, snuff-boxes, plaques, arid 

 articles for the toilet table. The 

 enamel may be applied by the 

 enclosed method or cloisonnee 

 (q.v.), the engraved or incised 

 method or champleve, and the sur- 

 face method, in which the whole 





Enamel. 1. Gold brooch with bust in cloisonne enamel, Italian, c. 7ta century. 



2. Gold brooch of German make with Byzantine cloisonne enamels, llth cent. 



3. Enamelled cross, attributed to Godefroid de Clare of Huy, late 12th cent. 



4. Ciborium of Limoges work, 13th cent. 5. Plate in brilliant colours of 



Limoges work, c. 1530. 6. Pillar candlestick, Limoges, c. 1560 



surface is covered with enamel on 

 which the design is delicately 

 painted and fired. Coloured ena- 

 mels were used by the Egyptians, 

 the Greeks, and Romans, but the 

 art was brought to a high state of 

 perfection under the Byzantine 

 emperors. A special style was 

 developed among the Orientals, 

 while a kindred art of polycoloured 

 enamelling was carried out ex- 

 tensively in N. Europe. Of the 

 surface style the enamels for which 

 Battersea was noted in the 18th 

 century are an example, while in 



Limoges enamel, which was a 

 variety of surface work, painting 

 was carried to rare perfection by 

 the practitioners of the 16th cen- 

 tury. Copper was the metal custo- 

 marily employed for this pur- 

 pose, but gold and silver were 

 sometimes used. 



Enare. Lake in Finland, in the 

 N. of the govt. of Uleaborg. It is 

 fed by a number of rivers, and dis- 

 charges its waters through the Pas- 

 vik into the Varanger Fiord in the 

 Arctic Ocean. Its area is 550 sq. m. 

 Pron. Enah-re. 



