ENTENTE CORDIALS 



2941 



ENTRENCHING TOOL 



Entente Cordiale (Fr., cordial 

 understanding). Phrase that be- 

 came current early in the 20th cen- 

 tury to signify the friendly rela- 

 tions then beginning to exist be- 

 tween Britain and France. The 

 entente began soon after the South 

 African War and was greatly helped 

 by the influence of Edward VII 

 and the steady realization of the 

 German menace. It culminated in 

 the alliance of 1914. 



Enteric Fever (Gr. enter ikos, in- 

 testinal ). Infective disease caused 

 by the bacillus typhosus. It is 

 most frequently conveyed by drink- 

 ing water. Se Typhoid Fever. 



Entering Edge. Front edge of 

 an aeroplane wing. It is this which 

 first encounters or enters the mass 

 of air through which the machine 

 is to progress. See Aeroplane. 



Enteritis (Gr. enteron, intes- 

 tine). Inflammation of the mucous 

 membrane of the intestine. The 

 condition may be due to eating un- 

 suitable or unsound food, such as 

 unripe fruit or decomposing meat, 

 or to irritant poisoning by arsenic, 

 mercury, and other substances. 

 Secondary enteritis is a symptom of 

 many diseases, particularly cholera, 

 dysentery, and typhoid fever. 



The prominent symptoms are 

 abdominal pain, severe diarrhoea, 

 and sometimes blood in the evacua- 

 tions. In severe cases ulceration of 

 the intestine may be followed by 

 perforation and fatal peritonitis. 

 Epidemic enteritis, or " summer 

 diarrhoea," is a very fatal disease 

 among infants under one year of 

 age, in large towns sometimes ac- 

 counting for one-fifth of the total 

 infant mortality. The causation is 

 not fully known, but the disease is 

 most prevalent in hot, dry weather, 

 the dust blown up from dirty 

 streets and refuse heaps being an 

 important factor. 



Enteroptosis (Gr. enteron, in- 

 testine; ptosis, falling). General 

 dropping or downward displace- 

 ment of the abdominal organs, 

 chiefly the stomach and intestines. 

 It usually develops gradually. The 

 condition is more frequent in 

 women than in men, and is often 

 associated with neurasthenia. Mas- 

 sa^,c, electricity, and physical exer- 

 cises may be employed to improve 

 the tone of the abdominal vessels, 

 and the symptoms are often re- 

 lieved by wearing a belt so as to 

 support the sagging organs. 



Enterprise. British steamship, 

 the first to make the passage be- 

 tween Great Britain and India. 

 She left London Aug. 16, and 

 reached Calcutta Dec. 7, 1825. The 

 Enterprise, which displaced 480 

 tons and had engines of 120 h.p., 

 was also the first steamship to 

 double the Cape. A light cruiser of 



this name, the first of a new type, 

 was launched in 1919. She had 

 89,000 engine-power, giving a speed 

 of 33 knots, was 535 ft. in length,and 

 carried seven 6-in. and other guns 

 Entertainments Duty. Tax 

 levied in the United Kingdom on 

 persons attending theatres, music 

 halls, and other places of amuse- 

 ment; also football and cricket 

 matches, and other open-air sports. 

 Introduced in the Budget of 1916, 

 it was charged on all tickets of 

 admission as follows : 



Below 2kl 



Between 2id. and 



7/6 

 10/6 



7d. 

 U- 



21- 



5/- 



7/6 



10/6 



Hd. 



2d. 



3,1. 



4d. 



fid. 



9d, 



l/- 



1/6 



21- 



Beyond this it was 2/- on the first 

 15/- and iid. for every 5/- or part 

 of 5/- in excess of that amount. It 

 was paid to the inland revenue au- 

 thorities by the proprietors, who 

 charged it on the tickets of admis- 

 sion. Entertainments promoted by 

 schools and for charitable purposes 

 were exempt By thr budget ot 

 1924, when the payment, excluding 

 the amount of the duty, does not 

 exceed Hd no duty is levied. 

 Also other reduction? were made. 



Enthymeme (Gr. en, in ; thymos, 

 mind). Term in logic. According to 

 Aristotle, it is merely a rhetorical 

 syllogism, founded on probability, 

 and therefore not demonstrative. 

 A later meaning is a syllogism in 

 which one premise has to be " men- 

 tally " supplied : e.g. All men are 

 mortal ; therefore Socrates is mor- 

 tal ; where the minor premise, 

 Socrates is a man, is omitted. 

 See Logic. 



Entombment. Literally a 

 burial. In a special sense, how- 

 ever, it is applied to the burial of 

 Jesus Christ, and as such is the 

 subject of several notable paint- 

 ings. The most famous of these 

 are one by Raphael, in the 

 Borghese Palace at Rome, one by 

 Titian in the Louvre, and one by 

 Caravaagio, in the Vatican. 



Entomology (Gr. entomon, in- 

 sect; logos, science). Branch of 

 zoology which deals with insects. 

 The offices of the Entomological 

 Society of London are at 11, Chan- 

 dos Street, Cavendish Square, W. 

 See Insects. 



Entomostraca (Gr. entomon, 

 insect ; ostrakon, shell). One of the 

 great divisions into which Crustacea 

 are divided. It includes the lower 

 forms of crustaceans, characterised 

 by a variable number of body seg- 

 ments, the absence of the gastric 

 mill (grinding apparatus), and life 

 usually beginning in the nauplius 

 See Crustacea. 



Entophytes (Gr. entos, within ; 

 phyton, a plant). Name given to 

 plants which live on other plants. 

 See Fungus; Parasite. 



Entozoa (Gr. entos within; 

 zoon, animal). Name given to 

 parasitical worms which live in 

 the interior of the body of their 

 host, as the tape worm and flukes. 

 They are opposed, therefore, to the 

 ectozoa, which live on the exterior. 

 See Parasite. 



Entr'acte (Fr. entre, between ; 

 acte, act). Short piece of music 

 played by the orchestra between 

 the acts or scenes of a play. It is 

 generally of a suave and melodious 

 character. Sometimes, in a musical 

 play, it consists of the develop- 

 ment of a melody or leitmotiv em- 

 bodied in the work ; sometimes of 

 an independent piece. 



Lnuvcasceaox, JOSEPH AN- 

 TOINE BRTTNT D' (1739-93). French 

 sailor. A native of Provence, he 

 entered the navy. He commanded 

 a ship in the war against Britain, 

 but his great work was as a dis- 

 coverer. As commander of the 

 French fleet in the E. Indies, he 

 visited China ; he was also gov- 

 ernor of Mauritius and the He de 

 Bourbon. He sailed into the south 

 seas and made several discoveries 

 therein, a strait, a point, and a 

 group of islands commemorating 

 his name. He was in the East 

 when he died, July 20, 1793. 



Entree (Fr.). Term in cookery. 

 It is usually applied to a " made " 

 dish served between courses, e.g. 

 before the roast or principal dish 

 of a dinner. In France, on the 

 other hand, entrees may consist of 

 fish or roast or braised meat, and 

 are not merely fancy dishes. 



Entremets (Fr. entrc, between ; 

 mets, dish). Term in cookery. It is 

 used for a side dish, such as a 

 sweet or savoury, served after the 

 roast at dinner. 



Entre Minho e Douro. Prov. 

 of N.W. Portugal. It lies between 

 the Minho and Douro rivers, facing 

 the Atlantic. Mountainous and 

 well watered, it has a mild climate, 

 and produces maize, wine, oil, 

 fruit, and nuts, while palms and 

 fuchsias thrive. Cattle and pigs are 

 reared, timber is cut on the mts., 

 and fish abound in the rivers. 

 Though implements are primitive, 

 agriculture flourishes. The roads 

 are bad ; ox-traction is the chief 

 means of transport. Oporto is the 

 chief port. The prov. is divided 

 into the three districts of Vianna 

 do Castello, Braga, and Porto 

 Area, 2,790 sq. m. Pop. 1,289,859. 



Entrenching Tool. Implement 

 carried by each soldier in the firing 

 line and used to excavate tempo- 

 rary cover for protection against 

 the enemy's fire until complete 



