2986 



ETAWAH 



and locusts. Minerals exist, but 

 mining is neglected. Area, 16,000 

 sq. m. Pop. 1,034,799. 



Estrup, JACOB BRONNUM SCA- 

 VENnrs(1825-1913). Danish states- 

 man. In 1 864 he became a member 

 of the Landsthing, From 1865-69 

 he was minister of the interior, and 

 took part in the revision of the con- 

 stitution and improved the coun- 

 try's rly. system. In 1875 he 

 became minister of finance and 

 president of the council, and, sup- 

 porting the king in his conflict with 

 the democratic parties, made use of 

 the royal prerogative in issuing 

 acts, and even governed for 10 years 

 by provisional budgets. He re- 

 signed in 1894, and his retirement 

 indicated the change to more demo- 

 cratic rule in Denmark. In 1902 

 he opposed the sale of the Danish 

 West Indies to the U.S.A. He 

 died Dec. 26, 1913. 



Estuarine Deposits. Accu- 

 mulations of sediment transported 

 by a river and laid down near its 

 mouth. They depend on grade of 

 sediment, strength of current, and 

 depth of river. Frequently the 

 dropping of sediment, caused by 

 the checking of the stream by the 

 sea, forms a barrier across the 

 mouth, and lagoon conditions are 

 established inside. In former geo- 

 logical periods such conditions 

 have resulted in deposits marked 

 by comparatively limited extent, 

 usually sandy facies, and accom- 

 panied by characteristic vegeta- 

 tion and animal remains (shell- 

 fish, etc.), e.g. inferior oolite beds 

 of Yorkshire. 



Estuary (Lat. aestus, tide). Arm 

 of the sea into which a river flows. 

 As a rule an estuary consists of the 

 drowned lower portion of a valley. 

 Where the land slopes gently down 

 below sea level and the shores are 

 wider apart nearer the open sea 

 the estuary is a ria, or drowned 

 ri-ver valley ; the indentations of 

 S.W. Ireland belong to this type. 

 The indentations of the Norwegian 

 coast, the fiords, are steep -sided, 

 deep estuaries which are shallow 

 near the entrance ; they are due in 

 part to glacier action. On some 

 coasts estuaries arise from the 

 emergence above the water of sand 

 banks, which transform a bay into 

 a lagoon filled with river water. 

 Such estuaries are the haffs of the 

 S. shores of the Baltic. British es- 

 tuaries are notably more extensive 

 than the rivers which now flow into 

 them; thus inconformity indicates 

 submergence. Estuaries tend to be 

 filled up with alluvium, the Dee 

 estuary being thus almost useless 

 for navigation. See Coast ; River. 



Esze"k,OsiEKOREssEG. Town in 

 Yugo-Slavia, formerly in Hungary. 

 It is situated on the right bank of 



Bouches-du- Rhone. It has com- 

 munication by the Passe de Mar- 

 tigues, a narrow channel, with the 

 Gulf of Foz and the Mediterranean. 

 Its area is about 81 sq. m., and its 

 average depth is 20 ft. It is noted 

 f orbits eel fisheries and salt works. 

 Etaples . Town of France, in the 

 dept. of Pas-de-Calais. It stands on 

 the estuary of the Canohe, 17 m. 



the Drave, 125 m. by rly. N.W. of Such are frequent in the S.W. part 

 Belgrade, and is the first import- of France, bordering the Bay of 

 ant town above the confluence Biscay. One of the largest is the 

 with the Danube. Here one rly. Etang de Berre, in the dept. of 

 crosses the Drave from the N. and 7 

 four lines radiate S. of the river to 

 various centres in Slavonia. As the 

 capital of Slavonia, it is a busy trad- 

 ing centre and is strongly fortified. 

 Silk factories and flour mills de- 

 rive their motive power from the 

 river. Pop. 31, 400, one-third Croats, 

 nearly one-third Germans; three- 

 quarters Roman Catholics. 



Esztergom OR . 

 GRAN. City of Hun- | 

 gary, on the right f 

 bank of the Danube, } 

 38 m. by rly. N.W. 

 of Budapest. It is 

 the eccles. capital, 

 and guards the river 

 bridge for road 

 traffic from Buda- 

 pest to the Little 

 Alfold. The cathe- 

 dral is said to be the 

 finest building of its 

 kind in Hungary. 

 Agriculture and the 

 culture of the vine 

 are carried on, and 

 the town is noted for its thermal 

 springs. Below the town the Dan- 

 ube flows in a contracted valley 

 and makes its great bend to the 

 S. Pop. 17,900, nearly all Magyar 

 Roman Catholics. 



Etah. District and town in 

 India, in the Agra Division of the 

 United Provinces. The area of the 



district is 1,729 sq.m. Sixty p. c. of to Boulogne, a city of hospitals 

 the land is cultivated, among the in that direction, with the British 



military cemetery on the Camiers 

 road, containing 11,300 graves. 

 It was a huge British encampment 

 of huts, tents, canteens, barbed- 

 wire compounds, as well as a cen- 

 tre of the Y.M.C.A., Church Army, 

 and other huts, Chinese coolie 

 compounds, Red Cross centre, and 

 motor traction yards. Here were 

 extensive training grounds, in- 

 cluding the well-known Bull Ring. 

 It was noted as a British hospital 

 and convalescent camp, and its 

 Tipperary road leading to the latter 

 on the hill-top was known to thous- 

 ands of British soldiers. On May 19, 

 1918, the Germans made a night 

 air raid on its hospitals, causing 

 about 300 casualties among the 

 nurses and patients. Pop. 6,000. 

 Eta wan. District and town of 



Staples. Part of the huge encampment which was erected 

 when the town was a British base during the Great War 



S. of Boulogne, and near the coast. 

 It is the railway terminus for Paris- 

 Plage, and is a fishing centre. In 

 early days it was a flourishing port, 

 and here, in 1492, England and 

 France made a treaty. 



The Great War created a new 

 Etaples of wider dimensions. It 

 expanded N. along the main road 



chief crops being wheat, barley, 

 maize, grain, cotton, sugar-cane, 

 and indigo. The headquarters of 

 the district are situated in the town 

 of Etah, which dates from the 14th 

 century. 



Etah. Settlement on the coast of 

 Greenland. In Prudhoe Land on 

 Smith Sound, it is inhabited by 

 Eskimos. 



Etampes. Town of France, in 

 the dept. of Seine-et-Oise. It stands 

 on the Juine, 38 m. by rly. S.S.W. 

 of Paris, and has a number of small 

 industries, including flour-milling, 

 but is chiefly a market for agricul- 

 tural produce. In the Middle Ages 

 it was comparatively more im- 

 portant than it is to-day, and it re- 

 tains some of its old buildings. 

 These include the churches of Notre 

 Dame, S. Basil, S. Gilles, and S. 

 Martin ; and the 16th century hotel 

 de ville. Francis I made one of his 

 mistresses duchess of Etampes. The 

 house, once occupied by Diana of 

 Poitiers, is now used for public 

 purposes. Pop. 9,454. 



Etang (Lat. stagnum). French 

 word for a shallow sheet of water 

 somewhat similar to a lagoon. 



India, in the Agra Division of the 

 United Provinces. The district has 

 an area of 1,691 sq. m. Fifty p.c. of 

 it is under cultivation, the chief 

 crops being wheat, gram, inillet, 

 and barley ; cotton is also grown. 

 Etawah town is situated on the 

 Jumna and on the East Indian 

 rly., 60 m. S.E. of Agra. It contains 

 a mosque and a number of Hindu 



