EUPHUISM 



3008 



EURHYTHMICS 



function 



allusion, and the 

 extravagant drafts 

 upon natural his- 

 tory for purposes 

 of moral reflection. 

 The high artifici- 

 ality of euphuism 

 carried the seeds of 

 decay within it, and 

 it died before the 

 16th century was 

 out. Scott claimed 

 to have modelled 



ridges ; the Kara Su crosses the 

 plain of Erzerum, and is a big 

 river, 200 ft. in width; it breaks 

 through the southern ridge by a 

 series of rapids, receives the Murad 

 Su at Keban Maden, flows still 

 to the W. and then breaks through 

 a second ridge by a long, narrow 

 gorge, to enter the'Malatia plain at a 

 level of about 2,600 ft. The Murad 

 Su, which rises near Mt. Ararat, 

 has a wilder course than the Kara 

 Su, and receives greater quantities 

 of melted snow. 



From the plain the Euphrates 

 has a rocky course through the 

 Tauric mts. to Samsat, falling 

 1,500 ft. in about 100 m., to emerge 

 on to the lowland and fall 1,000 ft. 

 in 1 ,800 m. , a broad, majestic stream 

 only crossed until quite recently by 

 primitive ferries. In the neighbour- 

 hood of Aleppo, the river is but 80 

 m. from the N.E. corner of the 

 Mediterranean Sea, but it almost 

 immediatelyturns definitely to the 

 S.E. on its way to the Persian Gulf. 

 The lowland course is in a sandy 

 trough, comparable to that of the 

 Nile in Egypt ; a narrow bordering 

 strip is cultivable by the use of 

 river water ; it receives only one 

 important tributary, the Khabur, 

 and consequently decreases in 

 volume by excessive evaporation. 



During hot summers it becomes 

 fordable; nearer Kurna, where it 

 joins the Tigris, it percolates into 

 marshes, losing still more water. 

 The combined stream is the Shatt- 

 el- Arab. The Euphrates has no large 

 modern town on its banks, yet the 

 site of Babylon is due S. of Bagdad. 

 The stream is navigable for small 

 craft to Birejik on the caravan 

 route to Syria. During the Great 

 War important battles were fought 

 at Ramadie and Khan Baghdadi. 

 See itt.ua. facing p. 811 and p. 813. 



Euphuism ((Jr. euphues, clever). 

 Name given to the artificial style 

 in which John Lyly (q.v.) couched 

 his famous romance, Euphues, the 

 Anatomy of Wit, 1579, followed in 

 1580 by Euphues and His England. 

 The characteristics of this "new 

 English " were the balanced antith- 

 etical sentences marked by elaborate 

 alliteration, the excess of classical 



on the euphu is tic fashion which 

 prevailed for some years. 



Eupolis (d. c. 410 B.C.). Athe- 

 nian comic writer. He was a con- 

 temporary of Aristophanes and 

 Cratinus, with whom he was as- 

 sociated by Horace and others as 

 one of the chief representatives of 

 the Old comedy. Among his 

 comedies, of 12 of which fragments 

 remain, were Kolakes (the Flat- 

 terers), ridiculing the wealthy 

 Callias, a patron of learning, who 

 was always surrounded by a host 

 of toadies ; Marikas, an attack on 

 the demagogue Hyperbolus (q.v.), 

 represented as a slave ; Demoi, 

 lamenting the unhappy condition 

 of the state under the encroach- 

 ments of democracy ; and Baptae 

 (the Dippers), an exposure of the 

 licentious practices of Alcibiades 

 and his companions in connexion 

 with a Thracian ritual. 



Eurasian. Term originally de- 

 noting the offspring, and their 

 descendants, of a European father 

 and a Hindu mother. It was 

 formed out of the continental 

 names, about 1820 ; the collo- 

 quial name in previous use was 

 chee-chee. In India 100,451 were 

 returned at the last census under 

 the official designation Anglo-In- 

 dians. The term now denotes any 

 mingling of European and Asiatic 

 blood, and, in physiology and 

 ethnology, natural or ethnic 

 characters common to both con- 

 tinents. 



Eure. River of France. It 

 rises in the dept. of Orne and flows 

 through the dept. of Eure et Loir 

 to the Seme, which it enters near 

 Pont de PArche, not far from 

 Rouen. Its length is about 70 m. 

 and Chartres is the chief place on 

 its banks. 



Eure. Department of France. 

 In the N.W. of the country, it is a 

 fairly level area, and the soil is 

 fertile. Much of it is covered with 

 forest, but elsewhere wheat is 

 grown. Horses, sheep, and cattle 

 are reared, a great deal of fruit is 

 cultivated, and the peasants ex- 

 port butter and eggs. The Seme 

 borders the dept., which is also 

 drained by the Eure, Rille, and 



other tributaries of that river. 

 Evreux, the capital, Elbeuf, Les 

 Andelys, and Louviers are the 

 chief towns of the dept., which has 

 five arrondissements. Before the 

 Revolution, Eure was mainly part 

 of Normandy. Its area is 2,330 sq. 

 m. Pop. 323,651. 



Eure et Loir. Department of 

 France. An inland dept. in the 

 N.W. of the country, it is flat and 

 fertile in the S. and E., but less so 

 in the N. and W. The former is 

 included in the plain of Beauce, 

 while the latter is known as the 

 Perche and the Thimerais. The 

 chief rivers are the Eure, Loir, and 

 their tributaries. The main pro- 

 ducts are wheat and oats. Apples 

 are grown, while cattle, sheep, and 

 horses are reared. Chartres is the 

 capital, and the dept. is divided 

 into four arrondissements. Dreux 

 and Chateaudun are other towns. 

 Before the Revolution it was 

 partly in Normandy and partly in 

 Orle"anais. Its area is 2,293 sq. m. 

 Pop. 272,225. 



Eureka (Gr. heureka, I have 

 found). Exclamation of Archi- 

 medes (q.v. ), on finding that he had 

 discovered a method of detecting 

 the alloy in the gold of Hiero's 

 crown. In modern language, the 

 term is applied to an expression of 

 delight on making some great 

 discovery. 



Eureka. City of California, 

 U.S.A., the co. seat of Humboldt 

 co. It stands on Humboldt Bay, 

 225 m. N.W. of San Francisco, on 

 the North-Western Pacific Rly. A 

 port of entry, with a fairly good 

 harbour, it is largely engaged in 

 shipping lumber, obtained from 

 the red wood forest region in which 

 it is situated. Its industrial estab- 

 lishments include saw-mills, tan- 

 ning and shingle works, and tobacco 

 factories. The federal building, city 

 hall, and a public library are among 

 the chief buildings. Settled in 1850, 

 it was incorporated in 1856. Pop. 

 13,770. 



Eureka Springs. City and 

 watering-place of Arkansas, U.S.A. 

 It stands near the White river and 

 is chiefly noted for its medicinal 

 springs, opened hi 1879 and now 

 public property; to them the 

 town owes its growth and pros- 

 perity. Pop. 3,230. 



Eurhythmies (Gr. eu, well ; 

 rhythmos, measured motion). Art 

 of expressing harmony by gestures, 

 in which physical movement is 

 made to reflect musical notation. 

 It was invented by Emile Jaques- 

 Dalcroze, professor of harmony at 

 the Geneva Conservatoire, towards 

 the end of the 19th century. Time 

 is shown by movements of the arms 

 and notes by movements of the legs. 

 The unit is the crotchet, which is 



