EXHUMATION 



3047 



EXMOUTH 



1923 in London, is intended to 

 foster imperial interests, both 

 commercial and political. Exhi- 

 bitions are held by particular 

 trades, such being the motor trades, 

 drapery trades, etc. Other exhi- 

 bitions are promoted by news- 

 papers, a notable instance being the 

 Ideal Home Exhibition arranged 

 by The Daily Mail, at Olympia, in 

 1920, and the Efficiency Exhibition 

 arranged for 1921. 



Exhumation (Lat. ex, out of ; 

 humus, ground). Act of digging up 

 and removing any object from the 

 ground, but generally applied to 

 the removal of a dead body from 

 its burial place. It is a misdemean- 

 our to do this for any purpose with- 

 out legal authority. In England, 

 such authority may be the coroner 

 where foul play is suspected or a 

 post-mortem examination ordered, 

 and the ordinary (q.v.) of the 

 diocese when reinterment is the 

 reason. See Autopsy ; Burial Acts. 



Exile (Lat. exsilium). Removal 

 from one's native land, either 

 voluntarily or under compulsion. 

 The word probably means " leap- 

 ing forth," from the root sal-, which 

 occurs in con-sul and Salii, the 

 leaping priests of Mars. 



In Greece, exile was chiefly a 

 punishment in cases of homicide, 

 but was also enforced for certain 

 crimes and offences against the 

 state and society. Homicides could 

 anticipate their sentence by volun- 

 tary withdrawal, but were liable to 

 be put to death if they returned. 

 Exile was also a political measure 

 employed in troublous times. It 

 carried with it disfranchisement 

 and confiscation of property. A 

 peculiar method of banishment 

 was ostracism (q.v.). 



At Rome, exile did not become a 

 recognized form of punishment 

 until about the time of the Gracchi. 

 Theoretically, a citizen's life and 

 liberty were inviolable, so the fic- 

 tion of aquae et ignis interdictio, 

 exclusion from the use of fire and 

 water, was invented, since anyone 

 deprived of these necessaries in 

 Rome would perforce have to seek 

 a home elsewhere, it being an of- 

 fence for anyone to supply them to 

 a person under the ban. It is un- 

 certain whether interdictio involved 

 loss of civil rights and confisca- 

 tion. The sentence was at first pro- 

 nounced by the comitia centuriata 

 (q.v.), later by the quaestiones per- 

 petuae, the standing courts which 

 dealt with serious offences, such as 

 high treason, poisoning, and arson. 

 Everyone had the right of volun- 

 tarily leaving the city, but was 

 forbidden to return under pain of 

 death. 



In early imperial times, deporta- 

 tio took the place of interdictio. The 



Exmoor. The Doone Valley, part of the romantic country 

 in which Blackmore laid the scene of his Lorna Doone 



study o f book- 

 plates. See Book- 

 plate. 



Exmoor. Pic- 

 turesque and ele- 

 v a t e d moorland 

 expanse in Somer- 

 setshire and Dev- 

 onshire, England. 

 Formerly a forest, 

 its trees have 

 largely dis- 

 appeared, and 

 three - fourths of 

 its area is now 

 covered with 

 heather and a 



coarse grass, on 

 which are pas- 

 condemned person was compelled tured ponies, sheep, and red deer, 

 to take up his abode for life in the last preserved for stag-hunting, 

 some place out of Italy, or on some On Feb. 22, 1917, Sir Thomas 

 island. He was sometimes allowed Acland granted a lease of lands 

 to choose the place of exile him- covering between 7,000 and 8,000 

 self, but generally it was assigned acres to the National Trust for 

 to him. Deportation entailed loss 500 years under an arrangement 

 of civil rights and confiscation. whereby he relinquished the rights 

 A milder form of banishment to develop the property as a 

 was relegatio, temporary or for life, building estate, and granted the 

 pronounced by a higher magistrate Trust power to preserve the estate 

 or the emperor against any person in its present condition, retaining 



for himself and his successors the 

 rents and profits and rights of an 

 owner The area thus placed in 



whose presence in the city was con- 

 sidered undesirable. It entailed 

 neither loss of civil rights nor confis- 

 cation, as is ex- 

 pressly stated by 

 the poet Ovid, who 

 was exiled by Au- 

 gustus to Tomi on 

 the Black Sea for 

 some unknown of- \ 

 fence. 5eeDeporta- \ 

 tion; Outlawry; ? 

 Transportation. 



ExLibris(Lat.. fe 

 from books). Label tt 

 of o wnershi p j| 

 usually called in |T 



England a book- ^Exmouth. Training ship, anchored off Grays, Essex, 

 plate. Pasted in- where boys are trained for the navy and merchant 



side the front cover 



service. See page 3048 



of a book, it bears the name and trust for the nation includes some 

 device of the owner, preceded by of the finest hill, valley, and wood- 

 the words Ex Libris. This Latin land scenery of Exmoor. Lorna 

 appellation is incorporated in the 

 titles of societies devoted to the 





Doone, Blackmore' s romance, has 

 made Exmoor familiar. The river 

 Exe takes its rise 

 here. The highest 

 point is Dunkery 

 Beacon, 1,707ft. 



E x m o u t h. 

 Urban dist., sea- 

 port, market town 

 and watering- 

 place of Devon- 

 shire, England. It 

 stands at the 

 mouth of the 

 Exe, 10 m. S.E. 

 of Exeter on the 

 L. & S.W.R. Ex- 

 mouth wae the 



Exmouth from the east, looking along the promenade first seaside resort 

 and sands towards the mouth of the Exe m the county, 



