EXMOUTH 



and is largely resorted to by 

 sufferers from lung complaints. 

 Once a flourishing seaport, Ex- 

 mouth contributed ten ships for 

 the attack on Calais in 1347. The 

 chief industries are brick-making, 

 fishing, and the manufacture of 

 Honiton lace. Market day, Tues. 

 Pop. 11,962. 



Exmouth. Training ship for 

 the British navy and mercantile 

 marine. Moored off Grays, Essex, 

 boys are trained on it for the 

 above services, and also for em- 

 ployment in naval and military 

 bands. Attached to it is a sea- 

 going tender, Exmouth II. 



Exmouth, EDWARD PELLEW, 

 IST VISCOUNT (1757-1833). British 

 sailor. He was born at Dover. April 

 19, 1757, and 

 entered the 

 navy at the 

 age of 13. In 

 1776 by his 

 gallantry a t 

 Lake Champ- 

 lain (q.v.) he 

 secured his 

 promotion to 

 lieutenant. In 

 1793 he was 

 appointed to 



the frigate After W.Owen.R.A. 



Nymphe. For his capture of the 

 Cleopatre he was knighted in 1793, 

 and in 1794 commanded one of the 

 western squadrons. Baronet in 

 1796, and M.P. for Dunstable, 

 1802, in 1804 he was promoted 

 rear-admiral and commander-in- 

 chief in India. 



Returning to England in 1809, 

 lie became commander-in-chief of 

 the North Sea, 1810, and of the 

 Mediterranean station, 1811. In 

 1814 he was raised to the peerage 

 as Baron Exmouth of Canonteign. 

 In 1816, on the refusal of the dey 

 of Algiers to cease his piracies, 

 Exmouth was sent to bombard 

 that city, with the result that over 

 2,000 slaves were liberated. Made 

 viscount in that year, he died 

 Jan. 23, 1833. The title is still 

 held by his descendants, Edward 

 (b. 1890) having become the 5th 

 viscount in 1899. 



Exmouth Gulf . Inlet of the W. 

 coast of Australia. It penetrates 

 inland about 65 m., and at its 

 entrance is 30 m. across. It is 

 sheltered from the Indian Ocean 

 by a peninsula 80 m. in length, 

 which terminates in the North 

 West Cape. 



Exodus. The second book of 

 the Pentateuch, or rather Hexa- 

 teuch. The title, taken from the 

 Septuagint (Ex. xix, 1 ), means the 

 'Going-forth." The Hebrew title 

 s "Names" or "Aod these are 

 the Names." The book falls into 

 two main divisions : (a) history of 



3O48 



Israel in Egypt, Ex. 1-18; (6) 

 account of Moses' administra- 

 tion at Sinai, whither he had led 

 the children of Israel, Ex. 19-40. 

 The former section incorporates a 

 much earlier composition, the 

 Song of the Red Sea (Ex. 15). 

 The latter includes one of the three 

 chief Hebrew codes of law (Ex. xx, 

 22-xxiii, 19), described by scholars 

 as the Book of the Covenant. See 

 Hexateuch. 



Exogamy (Gr. exo, outside. 

 gamos, marriage). Primitive in 

 stitution binding a man to marry 

 outside his own social group. Its 

 primal impulse was probably eco- 

 nomic rather than eugenic. In 

 those societies wherein the family 

 is overshadowed by the kinship 

 group, the exogamous clan is often 

 associated with a totem, a mystical 

 token of kinship. Highly developed 

 with the Australian aborigines, it is 

 usual among the N. Mongols, and 

 widespread with the American 

 Indians. Arising from it are such 

 marriage customs as marriage by 

 capture. A special form called 

 hypergamy exists in some Hindu 

 castes ; it requires a woman to 

 marry into a caste higher than her 

 own. See Marriage ; Society. 



Exogens (Gr. exo, outside; stem, 

 gen, to be born ). Name for the great 

 division of plants now generally 

 known as dicotyledons. It indicates 

 that the annual increase of girth is 

 due to the addition of a ring of 

 new wood between the old wood 

 and the bark. See Botany. 



Exophagy (Gr. exo, outside; pha- 

 gein, to eat). The practice among 

 some cannibal peoples of seeking 

 their human food outside their own 

 kin, totem or tribe. The contrary 

 usage is endophagy. The words 

 are loosely employed by different 

 writers ; endocannibalism and exo- 

 cannibalism might usefully be 

 reserved for the man-eating of 

 totemic tribes, exophagy for extra- 

 tribal cannibalism (q.v. ). 



Exophthalmic Goitre, GRAVE'S 

 OR BASEDOW'S DISEASE. Condition 

 associated with increase in the size 

 of the thyroid gland, the organ situ- 

 ated in front of the lower part of 

 the neck. It may be due to exces- 

 sive secretion from that gland 

 (hyperthyroidism), or may result 

 primarily from an affection of the 

 nervous system. Strong emotions, 

 such as fright, grief, or worry, are 

 antecedent factors in some cases. 

 The disease is more common in 

 women than men, and generally 

 begins between the age of 20 and 

 30. Usually the first symptom is 

 severe palpitation of the heart and 

 throbbing of the large blood- 

 vessels in the neck. The enlarge- 

 ment of the thyroid may affect the 

 whole gland or only one lobe 



EXORCISM 



Exogens. Diagram in transverse 



section of an exogenous shoot. C 



shows the point where the growth 



takes place 



ExophlJialmos, or protrusion of the 

 eyeballs, is a prominent feature. A 

 fine tremor of the muscles of the 

 lower and upper limbs is sometimes 

 an early symptom. 



Occasionally the disease runs an 

 acute course, and death occurs in 

 a few months. More frequently the 

 condition becomes chronic, and 

 extends over years with periods of 

 improvement and exacerbation. A 

 certain number of cases recover, 

 but rarely completely when the 

 symptoms are well marked. Death 

 may result from disturbance of 

 the heart, tuberculosis, or exhaus- 

 tion. Treatment consists in giving 

 absolute rest in bed, followed by a 

 quiet country life. Iron and strych- 

 nine have proved useful, and appli- 

 cation of the galvanic current may 

 be tried. Serum therapy has given 

 inconsistent results. 



Exorcism (Gr. ex, out ; horkiz 

 ein, to adjure). The expulsion of 

 malign spirits by ritual means. 

 Belief in demon -possession and 

 demon-obsession is revealed in 

 early Sumerian inscriptions. The 

 Semitic Babylonians regarded most 

 mental and bodily ailments as due 

 to intrusive demons, whose expul- 

 sion was sought by the incantation 

 of charms containing a divine 

 name, fortified by material aids. 

 Exorcism passed into the Greco - 

 Roman world, was rife in W. Asia 

 in N.T. times, was taken over by 

 early Christianity, and survives 

 here and there in ecclesiastical 

 ritual. Baptismal exorcism is re- 

 tained by the Roman and Old 

 Lutheran communions. >. 



In primitive culture disease it 

 commonly attributed to evil magic 

 wrought by one person upon 

 another. The intrusive evils, 

 whether human j hosts or non- 

 human demons. m.iy haunt 

 persons or places. Preventive 

 exorcism is one chief purpose of 

 the amulet. Expulsion may be 

 attempted by sympathetic magic, 



