EXTRAVASATION! 



3055 



EYCK 



the laws of that country except by 

 agreement, e.g. the British army in 

 France during the Great War was 

 subject to English, not to French, 

 military law. See International Law 



Extravasation (Lat. extra, out- 

 side, beyond ; vas, vessel). Out- 

 pouring of fluid into the tissues 

 from an injured vessel. The most 

 familiar example is the extravasa- 

 tion of blood which may follow a 

 blow on the skin resulting in the 

 formation of a bruise. 



Extreme Unction OB SACRA 



MENT OF THE DYING. Fifth of the 



seven sacraments of the Roman 

 Catholic Church. It was instituted 

 for the spiritual and bodily comfort 

 of those in extremis Recognized 

 also in the Greek, Coptic, Ar- 

 menian, and Nestorian Churches, 

 with varying ceremonial, and dat- 

 ing from the 12th century, it 

 regarded as authorised by James 

 v, 14-15, and is administered by 

 the priest, who anoints the dying 

 person. 



Unction is usually applied to the 

 seat of each of the five senses, with 

 prayer, e.g. " Through this holy 

 unction, and His most tender 

 mercy, may the Lord pardon thee 

 whatever sins thou hast committed 

 by seeing. Amen." With the other 

 senses the necessary word is used 

 in place of " seeing." In Roman 

 usage the oil is applied in the form 

 of a cross, after reception of the 

 Viaticum or Holy Communion. In 

 the Church of England the rite was 

 abolished in 1552, the Protestant 

 claim being that the words of S. 

 James have reference to a miracu- 

 lous cure, and that the anointing 

 ceased to have efficacy with the 

 withdrawal of miraculous powers 

 from the Church. See Sacrament. 



Exudation (Lat. ex, from, out ; 

 sudare, to sweat). Emission of a 

 liquid constituent or mixture of in- 

 gredients from a solid or gelatinous 

 explosive. The material ejected is 

 also occasionally termed the exuda- 

 tion. Dynamites which have be- 

 come damp and blasting gelatines 

 which have been subjected to pres- 

 sure and high temperature are 

 liable to exude nitroglycerine, when 

 the material becomes highly dan- 

 gerous owing to the sensitive 

 nature of this explosive. 



Exuma. Two of the Bahama 

 Islands, known as Great and Little. 

 They lie S.E. of Andros Island and 

 W. of Long Island. Great Exuma 

 s 30 m. in length and contains the 

 chief settlement, Georgetown. The 

 area of the two islands, including 

 ;he numerous cays (low islands), 

 's about 250 sq. m., and the total 

 pop. is 3,465. ;"" 



Eyam. Parish and village ot 

 Derbyshire, England. It stands in 

 Eyam Dale, 5 m. N. of Bakewell. 



In the churchyard is a Runic cross, and brilliant as it was 500 years 

 and there are several barrows, one ago, and they so improved the me- 

 of which, on Eyam Edge, is more thod of oil painting that they made 



it virtually a new 

 medium. They 

 were not, how- 

 ever, as some- 

 times alleged, its 

 discoverers. 



A 10th century 

 MS. by the monk 

 E r a c 1 i u s (De 

 Goloribus et Arti- 

 bus Romanorum) 

 states that a 

 method of grind- 

 ing colours with 

 oil was then " in 

 the air," and 

 Rogierus, a monk 

 of the 12th 

 During century, recommended that colours 



Eyam. Cottages dating from the plague of 1685-66, 

 when three-fourths of the inhabitants died 



than 100 ft. in diameter. 



is the plague in 1665-66 the greater should be ground with oil and 



part of the population perished. 

 Pop. 1,224. Pron. Eem. 

 Eyck, HUBERT VAN (c. 



mixed. The nature of the im- 

 provement introduced by the Van 

 1366- Eycks seems to have been re- 



1426). Flemish painter. He was garded as a craft secret, but it 

 born at Maeseyck, in the province is conjectured that it was some 



... ..,^^ o f Limburg. essential oil which yielded a clear, 

 I Before set- 



It'jL tling at Ghent 



Hubert van Eyck, 

 Flemish painter 



From an old print 



famous altar-piece of The Adora- 

 tion of the Lamb, executed for the 

 cathedral of S. Bavon, Ghent, 

 where he died, Sept. 18, 1426. 

 Certain panels sold in 1816 and long 

 in German possession were restored 

 in Oct., 1920, under the treaty of 

 Versailles. Both painters rank 

 among the very greatest of the 

 Flemish school. Their drawing 



transparent, liquid vehicle, which 

 retained its limpidity, dried with- 

 a s court out darkening, and, when mixed 

 painter, early with colours, gave results so supe- 

 in the 15th rior as to supersede the viscous 

 century, h e varnishes formerly in vogue, 

 spent a con- Eyck, JAN VAN (c. 1385-1440). 

 siderable time Flemish painter, brother of Hubert, 

 in N. Italy. Born at Maeseyck, he appears to 



have resided 

 in The Hague 

 from 1422-24, 

 at Bruges for 

 a few months 

 in 1425, in 

 which year he 

 went to Lille, 



He began, and 

 h i s brother 

 Jan com- 

 pleted, the 



Jan van Eyck, 

 Flemish painter 



From an old print 



where he re- 

 mained for 

 four years, 



and later 

 visited varioug 



foreign COUn- 



and finish were meticulously exact, tries in an official capacity as 

 their colouring is almost as fresh painter to fulfil State commissions. 



Van Eyck. The Adoration of the Lamb, the central panel of the altar-piece at 

 the cathedral of S. Bavon, Ghent, the masterpiece of the Van Eyck brothers 



