FAIR HEAD 



3O68 



Fair Head OR BENMOBE. Head- 

 land on the N. coast of Antrim, Ire- 

 land. It is 4 m. N.E. of Bally- 

 castle, is 636 ft. high, and being 

 a sheer precipice from a height of 

 320 ft. presents a superb basaltic 

 columnar formation. 



Fairing. In aeronautics, any 

 streamline-shaped cover or casing, 

 or any part so shaped that it pro- 

 vides a streamline form. In air- 

 craft construction it is most essen- 

 tial to reduce the wind resistance 

 set up by every part of the struc- 

 ture, and this is attained by giving 

 as far as possible a streamline 

 shape, or in other words fairing 

 them off. The word is used also 

 for a present, originally one brought 

 from a fair. See Aeronautics. 



Fair Isle OR SHEEP ISLE. One 

 of the Shetland Is., Scotland, about 

 equidistant from that group and 

 the Orkney Is. It is 3 m. long 

 and 2 m. broad, and rises to 480 

 ft. in Sheep Craig on the E. coast. 

 Fishing, knitting, and sheep-rear- 

 ing are engaged in. The island has 

 two lighthouses, and is in tele- 

 graphic communication with the 

 mainland. Pop. 139. 



Fair lie. Parish, village, and 

 watering-place of Ayrshire, Scot- 

 land. It stands on the Firth of 

 Clyde, 2 m. S. of Largs by the G. 

 and S. W.R. It has a noted yacht- 

 building yard, and there are ruins 

 of a castle. Pop. 800. 



Fair Maid of Perth, THE, OR 

 ST. VALENTINE'S DAY. Romance of 

 the last years of the 14th century 

 when Robert III was king of Scot- 

 land. Published hi May, 1828, it 

 forms the second series of Scott's 

 Chronicles of the Canongate. The 

 scene is laid in and around Perth ; 

 the titular heroine is Catharine, the 

 beautiful and devout daughter of 



Simon Glover, burgess of the city. 

 In addition to the unique study of 

 the Highland lad Conachar (Eachin 

 Maclan), nominally Simon's ap- 

 prentice, who is destined to be the 

 last chief of the Clan Quhele, and 

 whose inherent cowardice offers a 

 striking contrast to the dauntless 

 courage of Henry Smith (Hal of the 



as British goods are admitted there. 

 After languishing for a time the 

 cause revived early in the 20th cen- 

 tury in the shape of Tariff Reform. 

 See Free Trade ; Tariff Reform. 



Fair Wages Clause. Agreement 

 in public contracts to protect the 

 wage earner. It is usual to insert 

 in agreements with contractors, 



-" j ^J ^"- \*~^~ ' J.X1 aglCOlU.d.li;O W1UI1 WUUXCVUVU&Dj 



Wynd), the armourer who is also who undertake works paid for from 



Catharine's suitor, the story con 

 tains a vivid description of the 

 Palm Sunday battle on the North 

 Inch between the champions of the 

 rival clans Chattan and Quhele. 



Fair Oaks, BATTLE OF. Federal 

 victory in the American Civil War, 



The Fair Maid of Perth. Catharine 

 Glover, the heroine of Scoh's novel, 

 from a drawing by Charles Land- 

 seer, B.A. 



Fair Isle, Shetland Islands, from the east, with 

 lighthouse on the southern extremity 



Valentine 



May 31-June 1, 1862, also known 

 as the battle of Seven Pines. In 

 command of the Federals, Mc- 

 Clellan was forcing Johnston back 

 upon Richmond when the Southern 

 general made a stand as the Fed- 

 erals were crossing the Chicka- 

 hominy river. Two of McClellan' s 

 corps were already to the S. of the 

 river when they were attacked by 

 Longstreet. Reinforcements were 

 hurried up, and stubborn fighting 

 took place, during which Johnston 

 was severely wounded, being 

 succeeded by G. W. Smith. The 

 next day, June 1, Longstreet' s at- 

 tack was repulsed, and Lee only 

 arrived in time to withdraw the 

 Confederate army to Richmond. 

 About 42,000 men were engaged on 

 either side. The Federal losses were 

 5.000, the Confederates losing more 

 than 6,000. 



Fair Trade. Term much used 

 in the United Kingdom during the 

 latter part of the 

 19th century for j 

 what was later 

 called tariff re- f 

 form. It was used 

 by the opponents 

 of free trade, who 

 demanded that 

 the United King- 

 dom should only 

 admit the goods 

 of other nations 

 on the same terms 



the 



public money, a clause to the fol- 

 lowing effect : "The contractor 

 shall pay his workmen the wages 

 usually deemed fair in the district 

 in the trade to which they belong, 

 i.e. the trade union rate of wages, 



under a penalty of or under 



pain of forfeiting 

 the contract a t 

 the option of the 

 employer." F o r- 

 merly a clause was 

 often inserted 

 forbidding the 

 contractor to pay 

 his employees in 

 kind or in any- 

 thing but money. 



Fairway. Navi- 

 gable part of a 

 river or other chan- 

 nel. It is con- 

 tinually under su- 

 pervision in order 

 to keep it free from 

 obstructions. 



Fairweather. Mountain of 

 Alaska, U.S.A. It is a volcano in 

 the St. Elias Range, alt. 15,290 ft. 



Fairy. Legendary or mythical 

 being common to the folklore of 

 most peoples. They are manifested 

 in varied forms, from tiny crea- 

 tures in human shape which haunt 

 the flowers, to the ordinary size of 

 human beings. Fairies are, how- 

 ever, generally regarded as rela- 

 tively small, whence it has been 

 surmised that the origin of the 

 fairy myth is to be found in a dim 

 antiquity when surviving races 

 were in conflict with smaller races 

 that have become extinct. The 

 discovery of the African pygmies 

 has lent colour to this ; Sir Harry 

 Johnston pointing out that the ac- 

 tions of those dwarf people again 

 and again suggested the traits at- 

 tributed to the brownies and gob- 

 lins of fairy lore. Fairies in their 

 many manifestations are some- 



Fairey Seaplane, type III C, asjidopted^by the British 



Government 



