Antoine Watteau, Nicolas Lancret, 

 Jean Baptiste, Joseph Pater, Fran- 

 Qois Boucher, and other 18th cen- 

 tury French artists produced fans 

 of incomparable beauty. Among 

 English artists who have practised 

 the art the most notable was 

 Charles Conder (1868-1909), who 

 in this genre was no mean rival of 

 Watteau himself. 



Fan. In industry, a revolving 

 wheel to move air or gas. To an 

 axle, usually horizontal, is at- 

 tached a series of vanes or blades, 

 which may be flat or curved, the 

 whole being enclosed in a casing of 

 volute shape having a central open- 

 ing for admission of the air or gas, 

 and an opening hi the circum- 

 ference for the delivery of the air. 



3O8O 



smith's fire. The type of fan shown 

 below is known as the centri- 

 fugal ; another form, with ' vanes 

 set more or less spirally on the axle, 

 the movement of the air being 

 parallel to the axis, is the propeller 

 or tunnel type. See Blowing Engine. 

 Fanariotes OK PHANARIOTES. 

 Name given to the aristocratic 



FANG 



people to triple time. A charac- 

 teristic rhythm of the music is : 



See Castanets. 



Fanfare (Fr.) OB FLOURISH. 

 Properly, a short passage for trum- 

 pets in unison, performed on state 



Fanfare sounded by state trumpeters 



Greek class in Constantinople pro- 

 minent during the 18th century as 

 governors of the E. European pro- 

 vinces of the Porte. The word is 

 derived from Fanar, the Turkish 

 name for that quarter of Constanti- 

 nople which was inhabited by 

 Greek residents. Members of this 

 class, bv means of a recognized 



occasions. That used at the open- 

 ing of Parliament dates from the 

 reign of Charles II. Some com- 

 posers have used fanfares in opera, 

 notably Beethoven, Spontini, Am- 

 broise Thomas, and Wagner. 



Fang. Specialised teeth in 

 poisonous snakes by which the 

 venom is conveved into the wound 



Fan. Standard centrifugal ventilating fan and, right, sectional diagram. 

 A, fan-wheel ; B, air-inlet ; C, casing; course of air indicated by arrows 



Fan. Propeller, wing, or tunnel 

 type for moving large volumes of 

 air at low pressure for ventilating, 

 drying, or removing noxious fumes 



When air enters it is caught 

 by the vanes, whirled round with 

 them, and thrown by centrifugal 

 action to the circumference while 

 it acquires the velocity of the re- 

 volving vanes. This combined 

 action carries the air out through 

 the discharge opening with a velo- 

 city and at a pressure determined 

 by the size and speed of the vanes. 

 The fan-wheel may be only a few 

 inches hi diameter, or it may be 

 20 or 30 ft., as in the case of mine 

 and tunnel ventilating fans. 



The volume of air moved by a 

 large fan may amount $0 700,000 

 cubic ft. per minute. Fans are used 

 largely for metallurgical furnaces 

 where only a moderate pressure of 

 air is required, as in the black- 



system of bribery, obtained no- 

 mination as rulers of principalities 

 such as Wallachia, and set them- 

 selves to recoup their expenses by 

 unscrupulous taxation. The sys- 

 tem of appointing fanariotes was 

 dropped in 1821. 



Fancy. Shortened form of phan- 

 tasy. It means primarily any crea- 

 tion of the imagination. From this 

 it came to be used for an inclina- 

 tion or liking, and thus we speak of 

 fancying anything and have the 

 phrase bird fancier. The fancy is 

 sometimes applied to the adherents 

 of pugilism, while De Quincey uses 

 it for lovers of rare books. Fancy 

 goods as a trade term refers to the 

 lighter and supplementary forms 

 of women's dress, such as ribbons, 

 gloves, veilings, etc., also to hand- 

 bags and articles used to ornament 

 rooms, such as silver vases, picture 

 frames, and the like. 



Fandango. Name of a Spanish 

 dance. It is usually accompanied 

 by castanets to reinforce the strong 

 rhythm, as well as by melodic in- 

 struments. It is danced by two 



caused by the bite. In the viper 

 tribe the fangs are channelled, so 

 that the venom, exuding from the 

 tip of the tooth, is conveyed to the 

 deepest part of the wound. In cer- 

 tain other snakes the fang is simply 

 grooved, and most of the venom 

 merely reaches the surface. The 

 fangs may be either at the front of 

 the jaw or at the back, and in the 

 latter case the bite is seldom 

 dangerous to man, though it may 

 be fatal to small animals. The fangs 

 usually fold back against the jaw 

 when not in use. The venom is 

 forced through the fang partly by 

 constriction of the venom bag, 

 partly by pressure on the base of the 

 fang in the act of biting. 



Fang OR PANQWE. Negro tribe 

 of the French Gabun colony and 

 Spanish Guinea. Their debased 

 Bantu speech, including the Make 

 dialect, is spoken within the coast- 

 highland region bounded by the 

 Ogowe, Ivindo, and Campos rivers. 

 Well-built, slim, 5 ft. 7 his. hi height, 

 bronze -coloured, bearded, intelli- 

 gent, they display Hamitic ele- 



