FARNE 



FARNHAM 



May's long association with the 

 House of Commons, together with 

 his aptitude for research, made him 

 the chief authority on its procedure, 

 on which he wrote several books 

 notably his Treatise on the Law r 

 Privileges, Proceedings and Usage 

 of Parliament, 1844. Taking a 

 wider range, he devoted himself to 

 the constitutional history of Eng- 

 land, and his work dealing with the 

 period, 1760-1860, published 1861- 

 63, remains the standard authority 

 on the subject. He wrote also 

 Democracy in Europe, 1877. 



Fame , FEARNE OR FERN ISLANDS, 

 OR THE STAPLES. Group of seven- 

 teen rocky islets and rocks off the 

 coast of Northumberland, England, 

 separated from the mainland by 

 the Fairway Channel. Fame or 

 House, the largest ( 16 acres), was the 

 retreat of S. Cuthbert (q.v.) in the 

 7th century, and Longstone with its 

 lighthouse is famous for its as- 

 sociation with Grace Darling (q.v.). 

 Farnese. Name of the Italian 

 ducal family of Parma during the 

 16th and 17th centuries. First 

 appearing in history as lords of 

 Farnete, in Tuscany, in the 12th 

 century they became prominent 

 by the election as pope Paul III of 

 Alessandro Farnese, 1534, brother 

 of Giulia, favourite of pope Alex- 

 ander VI. In 1545 pope Paul gave 

 the duchy of Parma to his natural 

 son Pierluigi (1503-47), a notorious 

 libertine, murdered by partisans of 

 Charles V. at Piacenza. Of Pier- 

 luigi's sons, Alessandro (1520-89) 

 became a cardinal in 1534, and 

 completed the Farnese Palace (q.v.) 

 in Rome, while Ottavio (1521-86), 

 after a long struggle with his 

 randfather the pope, became 2nd 

 uke of Parma in 1551, recovering 

 Piacenza a few years later. His son 

 Alessandro was the famous soldier 

 in Spanish ser- 

 vice, better 

 known as the 

 3rd duke of 

 Parma (q.v. ). 



Elizabeth 

 Farnese (1692 

 -1766) was the 

 last notable 

 member of 

 the family. 

 Daughter o f 

 Odoardo Far- 



Elizabeth Farnese, 

 Queen of Spain 



from a print 



nese, she married in 1714 Philip V 

 of Spain, whose weakness, and in 

 ater years insanity, left her the 

 virtual ruler of Spain during his 

 nominal reign. With cardinal 

 Alberoni she worked for the re- 

 storation of Spanish rule in the lost 

 Italian provinces, a scheme only 

 Broken by the demands of the 

 Quadruple Alliance in Jan. 1720. 

 The direct Farnese - succession 

 ended with Antonio (1679-1731). 



Fame. S. Cuthbert's church, Inner Fame, on the site 

 of the hermitage where the saint died in 687 



Valentine 



Farnese Palace. Building in 

 Rome, one of the finest examples of 

 later Renaissance architecture. It 

 was designed and begun in 1530 by 

 Antonio da Sangallo, and the work 

 was carried on and completed by 

 Michelangelo, Vignola, and Giacomo 

 della Porta. The length of the front 

 fa9ade is 190 ft., 

 and the building is 

 260 ft, deep and 97 

 ft. high to the top 

 of the cornice. The 

 latter, the most 

 striking feature, 

 was added by 

 Michelangelo, who 

 was also respon- 

 sible for the upper 

 storey which it 

 crowns. The court- 

 yard on the S. side 

 is surrounded by 

 arcades, modelled 

 on those of the 

 Colosseum. The 

 building was com- 

 missioned by Car- 

 dinal Alessandro ' 

 Farnese, afterwards Pope Paul III, 

 and it remained in the possession of 

 the Farnese family until the latter 

 became extinct in the 18th century. 

 It then passed, with the Villa Far- 

 nesina, to the king of Naples. 



Farnham. Mar- 

 ket town and urban 

 district of Surrey, 

 England. It stands 

 on the Wey, 38 m. 

 S.W. of London, 

 being served by the 

 L. & S.W.R. The 

 centre of a district 

 in which hops are 

 grown, it has trade 

 therein and in 

 other agricultural 

 produce, which it 

 has developed 

 partly owing to its 

 proximity to Alder- 

 shot. S. Andrew's 

 church is a noble 

 Transitional 

 edifice, and the other buildings 

 include the town hall and an old 

 grammar school. 



Above the town stands the 

 castle, the seat of the bishop of 

 Winchester. The first castle was 

 built in the 12th century, but this 

 and also its successor were de- 



Farnese Palace, Rome. Arcade of the courtyard, a 



magnificent example of the architectural work of 



Michelangelo 



stroyed. The present building 

 dates mainly from the 17th cen- 

 tury, although there are slight re- 

 mains of its predecessors. Near 

 the town are Moor Park, the resi- 

 dence of Sir W. Temple, where for 

 a time Swift lived, 

 and the ruins of 

 Waverley Abbey. 

 Farnhambelonged 

 to the bishop of 

 Winchester before 

 1066, and one of 

 the bishops made it 

 a chartered town. 

 Having decayed, 

 it ceased to be a 

 borough in 1789. 

 Here Cobbett was 

 born, his birth- 

 place being now 

 an inn, The Jolly 

 Farmer. Market 

 day, Mon. Pop. 

 7,365. 



Farnham. Front view of Farnham Castle, the seat of 



the bishop of Winchester. The magnificent cedars on 



the lawn were brought direct from Lebanon 



