FARRER 



years. In 1837 he returned to 

 Covent Garden, which he left a few 

 years later to join Benjamin 

 Webster as stage-manager at The 

 Haymarket, where he stopped 10 

 years. Subsequently he managed 

 The Strand and The Olympic, tak- 

 ing leave of the public at The Hay- 

 market July 10, 1855, in his favour- 

 ite part of Lord Ogleby in The 

 Clandestine Marriage. He died in 

 London, Sept. 24, 1861. As the 

 old man of 18th century comedy 

 he was unrivalled. 



Farrer, THOMAS HENRY FARRER, 

 IST BARON (1819-99). British 

 economist. The son of a London 

 solicitor, he was 

 born June 24, 

 1819. E d u- 

 cated at Eton 

 and Balliol Col- 

 lege, Oxford, 

 he became a 

 barrister, but 

 his career was 

 influenced by 

 his close f riend- 

 ship with Sir 

 tafford 

 Northcote, who secured for him in 

 1848 a position in the board of trade. 

 He rose in the civil service and from 

 1865-88 was permanent secretary to 

 the board. He was largely respon- 

 sible for much valuable legislation, 

 including some concerning mer- 

 chant shipping and bankruptcy. In 

 1883 he was made a baronet, in 1893 

 a baron. As an economist Farrer 

 made his reputation after his 

 retirement. He was a strong free 

 trader, at one time president of 

 the Cobden Club, and was a critic 

 of high national expenditure and 

 bimetallism. From 1889-98 he was 

 a member of the London County 

 Council, and he died Oct. 12, 1899. 

 Of his writings the best known is 

 Studies hi Currency, 1898. . 



Farrier. Name given originally 

 to a man who shod horses, the 

 word being derived from the Latin 

 ferrum, iron. After a time the 

 farrier began to attend to the 

 diseases of the horses, and farriery 





3091 



was the name for what is now 

 more generally known as veterinary 

 surgery (q.v. ). 



Farriers' Company, THE. Lon- 

 don city livery company. Dating 

 from 1356 as a fraternity, its first 

 charter was 

 granted in 1685. 

 Farriers, who were 

 also called ferrers, 

 ferriers, and fer- 

 rones, are men- 

 tioned in the 13th 

 century. They owe 

 their ordinances to 

 a complaint that Co p TnTarm3 

 certain unskilled 

 ferrones, having set up forges in 

 the city, had caused the loss of 

 many horses. In 1758 an act of 

 common council imposed on all 

 operative farriers the obligation of 

 taking up the freedom of the com- 

 pany. While this rule has been 

 abandoned the company has taken 

 in later years an active interest in 

 the welfare of the craft by the offer 

 of prizes for good workmanship, 

 etc., and in 1890, in cooperation 

 with the Royal Agricultural So- 

 ciety and the Royal College of 

 Veterinary Surgeons, promoted a 

 scheme for the national registra- 

 tion of farriers or shoeing-smiths. 

 The archives of the company were 

 almost entirely destroyed by fire 

 in 1666. Its offices are at 140, 

 Leadenhall St., E.G. 



Farringdon Street. London 

 thoroughfare running S. from 

 Charterhouse Street to Ludgate 

 Circus, E.G. Named after the city 

 ward in which it is situated, it was 

 built over the Fleet Ditch, now a 

 sewer, in 1826-30. Fleet Market, 

 which once occupied the site, was 

 opened Sept. 30, 1737, and for 92 

 years remained a centre for the sale 

 of meat, fish, and vegetables. It 

 was removed in 1829-30. The 

 market for fruit and vegetables 

 built between Farringdon Street 

 and Shoe Lane, N. of Stonecutter 

 Street, and known as Farringdon 

 Market, was opened Nov. 20, 1829, 

 but the site, which covered 1 acres, 

 sold hi 



Farringdon Street, looking south towards Holborn Viaduct 



1892, and is 

 now covered by 

 a fine block 

 of buildings 

 known as 

 B'arringdon 

 Avenue. The 

 market is said 

 to have costthe 

 city corpora- 

 tion 280,000 



Farringdon 

 St. is spanned 

 by Holborn 

 Viaduct, and 

 contains the 

 Memorial Hall 



(q.v.), built hi 1874 to com- 

 memorate the fidelity to con- 

 science of 2,000 ministers ejected 

 from the church in 1662 by the Act 

 of Conformity; Fleetway House, 

 headquarters of the Amalgamated 

 Press ; and is fronted on the E. side 

 by part of the London Central 

 (Smithfield) Markets. Fleet Prison 

 stood on ground partly occupied 

 by the Memorial Hall. N. of 

 Charterhouse Street is Farring- 

 don Road, notable for its open 

 market and old bookstalls, with a 

 Metropolitan Rly. station and a 

 goods station of the G.N.R. Far- 

 ringdon Road was first called Vic- 

 toria Road. It extends to King's 

 Cross Road, and was made in 1856. 

 See Fleet Prison. 



Farrow's Bank. Former Brit- 

 ish bank. Founded hi 1904 by 

 Thomas Farrow, it was registered 

 as a credit bank under the Indus- 

 trial and Provident Societies Act. 

 In 1907 it was registered as a joint 

 stock company. With a capital of 

 1,000,000, the bank had 75 

 branches, mainly in England. In 

 1921 Farrow and another official 

 were sentenced to imprisonment 

 for fraud hi connection with it. 



Farrukhabad. District and 

 town of India. In the E. of the 

 Agra division of the United Pro- 

 vinces, the area of the district is 

 1,744 sq. m. The town was founded 

 early in the 18th century. Farruk- 

 habad city lies near the Ganges, on 

 the rly. line from Cawnpore to 

 Muttra, and at the end of a branch 

 of the E. Indian Rly. from Shikoha- 

 bad. It forms with Fatehgarh, lying 

 3 m. to the E., the headquarters of 

 the district and the cantonment, a 

 single municipality. Cloth printing 

 is the chief industry. The principal 

 crops are wheat, barley, millet, and 

 gram ; the poppy, cotton, and 

 sugar-cane are also grown ; tobacco 

 is exported. Pop. of dist., 900,022, 

 five-sixths Hindus; of town,56,573, 

 two-thirds Hindus, one-third Ma- 

 homedans. 



FarsoRFARSisTAN. Province of 

 Persia. It lies on the E. side of the 

 Persian Gulf, and is bounded on the 

 N.W. by Khuzistan and Ispahan, 

 E. by Yazd and Kerman. From 

 the warm coastal plain the coun- 

 try rises into the mts., where the 

 climate is cold. The highest mt. 

 is the Kuh-i-Bul, 14,000ft. The 

 rivers are small and not numerous. 

 There are several lakes, the princi- 

 pal being Niris. The capital is 

 Shiraz, and the ports are Bushire, 

 Liajah, and Bander Abbas. The 

 province contains the ruins of 

 Persepolis. Many parts of the 

 province are fertile, and produce 

 wheat, barley, rice, cotton, and an 

 excellent tobacco. Area, 60,000 

 sq. m. Pop. 750,000. 



