FAVIER EXPLOSIVES 



3 1 OO 



FAWKES 



hops, and agricultural produce, 

 also powder mills, brick and 

 cement works, breweries, and an 

 important oyster industry. The 

 port has a trade in coal, timber, 

 etc. The corporation owns the 

 electric lighting plant, a recreation 

 ground, and a cemetery. Owing 

 to its position at the point where 

 Watlirig Street touched the river, 

 Faversham was an important place 

 in Anglo-Saxon times, having 

 probably been so in Roman ones. 



It was a member of the Cinque 

 Port of Dover, had its own mayor 

 and corporation, while its abbot 

 was rich and powerful. It is still 

 governed by a mayor and corpora- 

 tion. A serious explosion occurred 

 at a powder factory here in April, 

 1916. Market days, Wed. and Sat. 

 Pop. 10,619. 



Favier Explosives. Original 

 name of ammonium nitrate ex- 

 plosives, and a term by which the 

 class is still generally known. 

 Owing to a number of accidental 

 explosions due to blasting in coal 

 mines, attention was drawn to the 

 suitability of ammonium nitrate 

 explosives for this work, owing* to 

 their low explosion temperature, 

 and Favier patented the type in 

 1884-85, the manufacture being 

 taken up by the French govern- 

 ment. The official French explo- 

 sives generally consist of about 95 

 p.c. of ammonium nitrate and 5 p.c. 

 of di- or tri nitronaphthalene, for 

 use in fiery mines, whilst the latter 

 ingredient is increased to 12 p.c. for 

 use in others. Ammonite is an Eng- 

 lish representative of this class. 



Favignana (a,nc.Aegusa). Island 

 of the Mediterranean, belonging to 

 Italy. It lies off the N.W. coast of 

 Sicily, and is the largest of the 

 Aegades Islands. Favignana, the 

 chief town and fishing port, lies on 

 the N. shore, and has a fortified 

 harbour. Off the island the Cartha- 

 ginian fleet was defeated by the 

 Romans in 241 B.C. The island is 6 

 m. long, and rises over 1,000 ft. 

 It is honeycombed with caves. 

 Area, 8 sq. m. Pop. 6,079. 



Favonius. In Roman mytho- 

 logy, the name of the W. or S.W. 

 wind which blew in spring, identi- 

 fied with the Greek Zephyrus. 



Favorinus. Greek sophist and 

 rhetorician. A native of Arelate 

 (Aries) and a great traveller, he 

 flourished during the reign of 

 Hadrian. He wrote several miscel- 

 laneous works, but none survives. 



Favre, JULES CLAUDE GABRIEL 

 (1809-80). French statesman. Born 

 at Lyons, March 21, 1809, he en- 

 tered the legal profession, and, an 

 ardent republican from the first, 

 was elected deputy for Lyons to 

 the constituent assembly, 1848. A 

 bitter enemy of Louis Napoleon, 



he attempted an armed riot against 

 his election to the presidency, 

 1851, defended his assailant Orsini, 

 ___ .^^ 1858, led there- 

 publican oppo- 

 sition in the 

 chamber, 1863- 

 70; and founded 

 the republican 

 paper. L'Elec- 

 teur, 1868. 



In the gov- 

 ernment of 

 Jules Favre, national de- 

 French statesman fence, 1870, 

 Favre was foreign minister and 

 vice - president, but mismanaged 

 the armistice negotiations, Jan. 

 28, 1871, and as foreign minister 

 under Thiers, 1871, was easily 

 out - manoeuvred by Bismarck. 

 The treaty of Frankfort brought 

 about his resignation, July 23, 

 1871. He was elected to the 

 senate in 1876, and died Jan. 20, 

 1880. His writings include political 

 studies, and an account (1873-75) 

 of The Government of National 

 Defence, in which he describes his 

 part in the events of 1870-71. 



Fa vus (Lat., honeycomb). Dis- 

 ease caused by , parasite fungus, 

 the Achorion "Schoenleinii, which 

 most frequently attacks the scalp, 

 but may affect any part of the 

 skin. Favus is common in Eastern 

 Europe and Asia, but is rare in 

 Great Britain. On the scalp it first 

 appears as small, irregular cups of a 

 sulphur-yellow colour. Large seabs 

 are gradually formed which event- 

 ually drop off, leaving a depressed 

 scar destitute of hair. The condi- 

 tion is intractable, and may per- 

 sist for years. The contagion may 

 be derived from rabbits, dogs, 

 fowls, and other animals. Exposure 

 of the patch to X-rays, followed 

 by vigorous treatment with anti- 

 septics, give the best results. 



Fawcett, HENRY (1833-84). 

 British politician and economist. 

 Born at Salisbury, Aug. 26, 1833, 

 he graduated at 

 Cambridge in j 

 1856, distin- t 

 guishing h i m- i 

 self in mathe- | 

 matics. He was I 

 accident ally I 

 blinded at a 1 

 shooting party I"; 

 in 1857, but, Li 

 taking up his *F e .?. r ? . 



fellowship at British politician 



Trinity Hall, devoted his time to 

 the study of political economy, of 

 which he became professor in 1863. 

 In 1867 he married Millicent 

 Garrett, a distinguished advocate 

 of women's rights. In 1865 he 

 became Liberal M.P. for Brighton, 

 and took up an independent line 

 which brought him into opposition 



with every other party. . Identi- 

 fying himself with many schemes 

 of reform and devoting himself 

 especially to all questions con- 

 cerning India, he became known 

 as the member for India. In 1875 

 he was chosen M.P. for Hackney, 

 and in 1880 became postmaster- 

 general under Gladstone, but with- 

 out a seat in the cabinet. He 

 introduced several postal reforms. 

 HediedatCambridge, Nov. 6, 1884. 

 See Life, Leslie Stephen, 1885. 



Fawcett, DAME MILLICENT 

 GARRETT (b. 1847). British writer 

 and feminist. Born June 11. 

 1847. she was 

 the dau g h t e r 

 of Newson Gar- 

 rett, and sister 

 of Mrs. Garrett m 

 Anderson. In 

 1867 she mar- 

 ried Henry 

 Fawcett. She be- 

 came a leading 



Elliott <t Fry 



advocate of women's suffrage, being 

 president of the national union of 

 women's suffrage societies until 

 1919. Mrs. Fawcett was known 

 also as a writer on educational 

 and political subjects. ^ -Her two 

 text-books, Political Economy for 

 Beginners, 1870, and Tales in 

 Political Economy, 1875, had great 

 popularity. She wrote Essays and 

 Lectures, jointly with Henry Faw- 

 cett, 1872 ; Life of Queen Vicfcorja, 

 1895; Women's Suffrage, 1912. 

 She received the G.B.E. in 1925 

 Her daughter, Philippa Garrett 

 Fawcett, was senior wrangler 

 in fact, though not in name, in 

 1890. Afterwards she was engaged 

 in educational work. 



Fa wkes, GUY (1570-1606). Eng- 

 lish. conspirator, central figure in 

 the Gunpowder Plot. Born at 

 York, April 16, 1570, he served for 

 some years in the Spanish armies in 

 Flanders from 1593. The circum- 

 stances of his implication in the con- 

 spiracy were as follows. 



In 1604 a small group of Roman 

 Catholic zealots, finding that they 

 had nothing to hope from the ac- 

 cession of James I, formed a plot 

 for the overthrow of the govern- 

 ment by blowing up king, minis- 

 ters, and parliament together ; in 

 the resultant chaos, the Roman 

 Catholics, headed by the conspir- 

 ators, were themselves to seize the 

 government. '^The secret, imparted 

 to few Catesby, Percy, Digby, 

 Rookwood, and Tresham are the 

 most familiar of the names of the 

 plotters was for a long time well 

 kept. The design was to be car- 

 ried out on the day of the assem- 

 bling of parliament in Feb., 1605. 



