FERDINAND 



31 18 



FERIAE 



conditions which Gladstone, who 

 visited the country in 1851, ex- 

 posed, describing Ferdinand's rule 

 as the " negation of God." He 

 died May 22, 1859 



Ferdinand (1769-1824). Grand 

 Duke of Tuscany Born May 6, 

 1769, he was a younger son of the 

 emperor Leopold II. In 1790, 

 when his father became German 

 emperor, he succeeded to the grand 

 duchy of Tuscany. In 1799 he 

 was deposed by the French, in 1802 

 was made elector of Salzburg, and 

 in 1806 became grand duke of 

 Wurzburg. He was restored to 

 his Tuscan throne in 1814, and 

 by his liberal government saved 

 his people from the misfortunes 

 which overtook their neighbours 

 on the restoration of the old 

 monarchies. He died June 18, 1824, 

 succeeded by his son Leopold II 



Fere-en-Tardenois. Town of 

 France, in the dept. of Aisne. It is 

 on the river Ourcq, 12 m. N.N.E 

 of Chateau -Thierry, and was pro- 

 minent in the Great War. It 

 was the British G.H.Q. during the 

 first battle of the Aisne. The 

 Germans reached it on May 30, 

 1918, in their thrust for Paris. It 

 was recaptured by the Allies on 

 July 28, 1918, with 2,000 prisoners. 

 See Aisne, Third Battle of the 

 Marne, Second Battle of the. 



Ferentino (anc. Ferentinum). 

 City of Italy, hi the prov. of Rome. 

 It stands on an eminence, at an 

 alt. of 1,290 ft., 48 m. by rly. E.S.E. 

 of Rome. It has extensive remains 

 of the fortifications of the ancient 

 city, including two gateways. It 

 has a fine cathedral with mosaic 

 floors, and there are a few Gothic 

 churches. The town carries on 

 trade in oil and wine. Pop. 12,928. 



Ferg, FRANZ DE PAULA (1689- 

 1740). Austrian painter. Born at 

 Vienna, he studied under his 

 father, Pancrazius Ferg, J. Orient, 

 and Jean GraS , and painted land- 

 scapes in the manner of Poelenberg 

 and genre in the Flemish style. 

 After some years at the court at 

 Dresden, he visited Brunswick, 

 and then London, where, after 

 enjoying some years of affluence, 

 he died in poverty. 



Ferghana. Prov. in Russian 

 Turkistan, W. Asia, between Syr- 

 daria hi the N. and Semiryec- 

 hensk in the N.E. Its area is 

 55,483 sq. m. Much of the land is 

 barren and hardly fit for pasturage, 

 but is rich hi minerals coal, lead, 

 graphite, and petroleum. The silk 

 industry has long been famous. 

 The chief towns are Khokand, Mar- 

 ghilan, and Andijan. Ferghana, 

 once part of the ancient Sogdiana, 

 was formed from the old khanate of 

 Khokand, arvd was annexed by 

 Russia in 1876. Pop. 2,169,600. 



Fergus. River of Ireland. It 

 rises in the N.W. of co. Clare and 

 flows S.E. for 25 m. to its estuary 

 at Clare village. The estuary, about 

 10 m. long and 4 m. hi extreme 

 breadth, is dotted with green 

 islands and contains salmon. 



Ferguson, ADAM (1723-1816). 

 Scottish philosopher. Born at 

 Logierait, Perthshire, June 20, 

 1723, he was educated at Perth 

 and the university of St. Andrews. 

 He became an army chaplain, and 

 was present at Fontenoy and 

 elsewhere with the Black Watch. 

 He was then a private tutor until 

 in 1759 he was chosen professor of 

 natural philosophy at Edinburgh. 

 He retained his post there until 

 1785, and lived until Feb. 22, 1816. 

 Ferguson is known by his Essay on 

 the History of Civil Society, and 

 his philosophy elaborated in his 

 Institutes of Moral Philosophy, 

 1772, and Principles of Moral and 

 Political Science, 1792. He wrote 

 also a History of the Progress and 

 Termination of the Roman Re- 

 public, 1783. 



Ferguson, JAMES ' (1710-76). 

 Scottish astronomer. Born April 

 25. 1710. near Rothiemay, Banff- 

 shire, he at- 

 tended Keith 

 grammar 

 school for a few 

 months. At 10 

 years old he 

 became a farm 

 hand, and 

 o o k e d after 

 sheep, watch- 

 ing the stars 

 at night. He 

 returned home 

 broken in health, but his ingenious 

 construction of a clock attracted 

 the attention of Sir James Dunbar. 

 who took him into his own house- 

 hold. In 1734 he went to Edinburgh, 

 where he painted miniatures. In 

 1743 he removed to London, and 

 was elected a F.R.S. in 1763. He 

 became a popular lecturer on experi- 

 mental science, but was specially 

 noted as an inventor of astronomi- 

 cal and other instruments. He 

 died in London, Nov. 16, 1776. 



Ferguson, ROBERT (c. 1637- 

 1714). Scottish conspirator and 

 pamphleteer, known as " the 

 Plotter." Born hi Aberdeenshire, 

 he came to England about 1655, 

 and was appointed to the living of 

 Godmersham, Kent, from which 

 he was ejected in 1662 by the Act 

 of Uniformity. He took part hi the 

 various plots against Charles II, 

 James II, and William III, but al- 

 ways succeeded hi escaping from 

 justice. His writings include a His- 

 tory of the Revolution, 1706, and 

 Qualifi cations requisite in a Minister 

 of State, 1710. 



James Ferguson, 

 Scottish astronomer 



From a print 



Ferguson, SIR SAMUEL (1810- 

 86). Irish poet and antiquary. 

 Born at Belfast, March 10, 1810, 

 and educated 

 at Trinity Col- 

 lege, Dublin, he 

 was called to 

 the Irish bar hi 

 1838. Deputy 

 keeper of the 

 public records 

 of Ireland in 

 1867, he was 

 knighted in 

 1878. He died 

 Aug. 9, 1886. 

 His poems, for the most part me- 

 trical versions of Irish legends, 

 comprise Lays of the Western Gael, 

 1865 ; Congal, an epic poem, 1872 ; 

 and a second volume of lays, Poems, 

 1880. He helped to prepare the 

 way for the Gaelic revival. 



Fergusson, SIR CHARLES (b. 

 1865). British soldier. Born in 

 Edinburgh, Jan. 17, 1865, he suc- 

 ceeded to his 

 father's baron- 

 etcy in 1907. 

 Educated at 

 Eton and Sand- 

 hurst, he joined 

 the Grenadier 

 Guards, 1883, 

 and in 1896 

 transferred to 

 the Egyptian 

 army. He saw 

 service in 

 Egypt, being wounded and winning 

 the D.S.O. He returned to England 

 to take command of the 3rd Grena- 

 diers in 1904. From 1909-13 Fer- 

 gusson was inspector of inf antry, and 

 in 1913 was appointed to the 5th di- 

 vision, which he led in the retreat 

 from Mons. He took over the com 

 mand of the 2nd corps in 1915, and 

 in 1917 was at the head of the 17th. 

 which he led in the final offensive 

 of 1918. He was military governor 

 of Cologne from 1918 to Aug., 1919. 

 He was appointed governor -general 

 of New Zealand, 1924. 



Fergusson, ROBERT (1750-74). 

 Scottish poet. Born in Edinburgh. 

 Sept. 5, 1750, he studied at St. An 

 drews University, and entered the 

 office of the commissary clerk at 

 Edinburgh. In 1771 he began to 

 contribute poems, mostly hi the 

 Scottish dialect, for Ruddiman's 

 Weekly Magazine, and these ap- 

 peared in collected form in 1773. 

 He died Oct. 16, 1774, largely as 

 the result of convivial excesses. His 

 work greatly influenced Robert 

 Burns, who in 1789 composed the 

 epitaph for the headstone of his 

 grave hi Canongate churchyard. 

 See Life, A. B. Grosart, 1898. . 



Feriae. Sacred festivals or holi- 

 days of ancient Rome. The most 

 important were the Feriae Latinae, 



SJrCharles Fergusson. 

 British soldier 



Barnelt 



