FITZWILLIAM 



William, the 3rd earl, was made 

 baron (1742) and earl (1746) in the 

 peerage of the United Kingdom. 

 He married Anne, daughter of the 

 marquess of Rockingham, a union 

 that brought Wentworth Wood- 

 house and large estates to the 

 family. In 1902 William (b. 1872), 

 who as Viscount Milton had been 

 M.P. for Wakefield since 1895, be- 

 came the 7th earl. The earls own 

 large estates in Yorkshire and 

 Wicklow, also Milton Hall, Peter- 

 borough, which has been in the 

 family since about 1500. His eldest 

 son is called Viscount Milton and 

 his chief seat is Wentworth Wood- 

 house, near Rotherham. 



Fitz william, WILLIAM WENT- 

 WORTH FITZWILLIAM, 2ND EARL 

 (1748-1833). British statesman. 

 Born May 30, 

 1748, he was 

 the eldest son 

 of the first 

 earl, whom he 

 succeeded i n 

 1756. In 1782, 

 on the death 

 of his uncle, 

 Lord Rocking- 



After w.owen ham, he suc- 

 ceeded to the Yorkshire estates 

 of the Wentworths and took the 

 additional name of Wentworth. He 

 was president of the council in 

 1794, and later in 1806, and was 

 lord-lieutenant of Ireland for a few 

 months in 1795. In 1798 he was 

 appointed lord-lieutenant of the 

 W. Riding of Yorkshire, but was 

 dismissed in 1819 for censuring the 

 Peterloo massacre. Fitzwilliam 

 died Feb. 8, 1833. 



Fitzwilliam Museum. Art 

 and archaeological museum in 

 Cambridge. It was founded by 

 Richard Fitzwilliam (1745-1816), 

 7th Viscount Fitzwilliam, an Irish 

 peer, who must be distinguished 

 from Earl Fitzwilliam. He be- 

 queathed to the university his col- 

 lection of books, illuminated MSS., 

 pictures, drawings, engravings, 

 etc., together with certain divi- 

 dends, for the erection of a gallery 

 to accommodate them. The money 

 was allowed to accumulate, and 

 when 40,000 had been amassed 

 the Fitzwilliam Museum in Trump- 

 ington Street, Cambridge, was 

 begun in 1837 from the designs by 

 George Basevi, continued (1845) 

 by Charles Robert Cockerell, and 

 completed (1874) by Edward Mid- 

 dleton Barry. The schools of art 

 are well represented by over 700 

 pictures, the original bequest has 

 been increased by othjer donors, and 

 the museum now possesses in addi- 

 tion a fine collection of antiquities 

 and a valuable library. 



Fiume. 



Plan of the Adriatic port, formerly belonging to Austria-Hungary, 

 and one of the most important seaports of the Adriatic 



Fiume. Seaport and, since the 

 Treaty of Rapallo (1920), an inde- 

 pendent State. It stands on the 

 river Refiina, at its outfall into 

 the Bay of Quarnero, at the N.E. 

 extremity of the Adriatic. It has 

 several harbours the Fiumara 

 canal, used by coasting vessels ; the 

 Baross harbour ; the main harbour, 

 which is protected by a mole , 

 and the free and petroleum har- 

 bours to the W. Practically all 

 the shipping trade of Hungary 

 passed through its port, and the 

 fisheries are of great importance. 

 Among the features of architec- 

 tural interest, the cathedral, the 

 Roman triumphal arch, and the 

 governor's residence may be men- 

 tioned. 



The town possesses distilleries, 

 petroleum refineries, and mills, 

 while there is trade in fruit, barrels, 

 staves, furniture, tobacco, paper, 

 chemicals, fertilisers, and soap. 

 Fiume constituted under the old 

 regime a crown-land of Hungary, 

 with an area of 8 sq. m. The pop. 

 is largely Italian, but the suburb 

 of Sushak across the river, and the 



surrounding area, is inhabited by 

 Yugo-Slavs, chiefly Croats. Pop. 

 49,806. 



Fiume' s mixed population of 

 Italians, Croats, Magyars, and vari- 

 ous other nationalities made it a 

 point of racial dispute. Long a 

 small centre of coastwise trade, it 

 came into prominence only when 

 the Budapest-Zagrab-Fiume Rly. 

 was built. Originally known as S. 

 Vitus in Flumine, in 1465 it became 

 a Hapsburg possession. Charles VI 

 declared it a free port in 1717, and 

 in 1776, by a decree of Maria 

 Theresa, it was handed over to 

 Croatia. In 1807 it was incorpor- 

 ated in Hungary. Two years later, 

 under the rule of Napoleon, it be- 

 came part of Illyria. In 1822 

 Fiume was restored to Hungary, 

 but as a result of the Croatian 

 national movement of 1848 was 

 reunited to Croatia. In 1861 it was 

 made autonomous. The Magyars 

 of Fiume under this arrangement 

 favoured the Italian section of its 

 inhabitants, and for nearly fifty 

 years this union strove to prevent 

 Slav predominance. It became in 



Fiume. The quays looking north-west from Zichy Mole 



