FLEMING 



3197 



FLEMISH ART 



Fleming , JOHN AMBROSE (b. 1 849). ." 

 British engineer and physicist. Born " 

 at Lancaster, Nov. 29, 1849, he was 

 educated at University College, 

 London, and S. John's College, v 

 Cambridge, where he gained a 

 fellowship, arid became lecturer on 

 applied mechanics at Cambridge. 

 In 1881 he took up the position of 

 electrical engineer to the Edison 

 Electrical Lighting Co. While 

 professor at University College, 

 London, and since 1910 of electri- 

 cal engineering in the university, he 

 remained in business as a consult- 

 ing engineer and devoted much 

 attention to radio-telegraphy. 



Fleming, MARGABET OR MAR- 

 JORIE (1803-11). Infant prodigy 

 and favourite of Sir Walter Scott. 

 A niece of Mrs. 

 Keith of Ra- 

 v e 1 s t o n, at 

 whose house 

 Scott fre- 

 quently saw 

 her, she read 

 history at the 

 age of six and 

 wro'te diaries 

 and poems 

 which were 

 preserved b y 

 her family. Her story is told in Pet 

 Margarie : A Story of Child Life 

 Fifty Years Ago, H. B. Farnie,1858 ; 



Margaret Fleming 



After a water-colour by 

 1. Keith 



and Dr. John Brown includes an 

 essay on her life and character in 

 Horae Subsecivae. 



Fleming, SIR SAND FORD (1827- 

 1915). Canadian engineer. Born at 

 Kirkcaldy, Jan. 7, 1827, he went to 

 Canada and became connected with 

 rly. construction about 1846. After 

 1871 the Dominion Government 

 employed him to survey and con- 

 struct the Intercolonial line, and 

 afterwards he surveyed a route 

 through the Rockies for the C.P.R. 

 He advocated an imperial cable 

 system and standard time. In 1897 

 he was made a K.C.M.G. He died 

 at Halifax, July 22, 1915. 



Flemings. Name given to 

 the inhabitants of Flanders. A 

 small sect of early Protestants, in- 

 fluenced by the Mennonites, were 

 called Flemings or Flandrians about 

 the middle of the 16th century. 



Flemish immigrants to England 

 have frequently played a part in 

 English and Welsh history. Early 

 chroniclers speak of Tostig having 

 Flemish auxiliaries under his flag 

 at Stamford Bridge, 1066. Henry I 

 settled a number of Flemings at 

 Dyfed, in S. Wales, about 1108, 

 who were long the objects of Welsh 

 hostility. In the battle with the 

 S. Wales marchers at Teifi Ford, 

 near Cardigan, in 1136, large num- 

 bers of these Flemish settlers were 



] slain. Other attacks on them in 

 1144 and 1164 were avenged by 

 their harrying of Iscold or Lower 

 Gwent in 1165. Strongly attacked 

 by the Welsh leader Maelgwyn 

 Gwynedd in 1188, they made sub- 

 mission to Llewellyn I in 1217. 



Flemings were important in the 

 growth of the woollen and weaving 

 industries in England, especially in 

 E. Anglia. See Flanders. 



Flemington. Suburb of Mel- 

 bourne, Victoria. It is 3 m. from 

 the city and has a fine racecourse, 

 founded 1861, on which is run the 

 race for the Melbourne cup. Pop. | 

 6,109. See Melbourne. 



Flemish Art. Art of Flanders. 

 As it is difficult to distinguish be- 

 tween Dutch and Flemish painters, 

 the word Netherlands is sometimes 

 used for the school which suddenly 

 attained power in the 15th cen- 

 tury. There were distinct schools 

 at Bruges, Ghent, and Antwerp. 

 The earliest phases of the two first 

 are still obscure ; the first great 

 masters of the Netherlands were 

 the Limburg brothers, illuminators 

 of Maaseyck. Next come the two 

 Van Eycks, masters of the school. 

 The so-called Mattre de Flemalle 

 (possibly Robert Campin), Jacques 

 Daret, Roger van der Weyden, 

 Dierick Bouts, and Petrus Christus 

 are the great names of the next 



I 



"Flemish Art. Massacre^ the "innocenta, by Pieter Brueghel the Younger, typical o! the 

 century Flemish painters. This picture, in the museum at Brussels, is an exact copy of one by P. Brueghel 



