FLERS 



vessels leave annually for the 

 Greenland fisheries. Originally 

 founded during the 12th century, 

 Flensburg has several fine old 

 buildings, notably the churches of 

 S. Nicholas (14th century) and S. 

 Mary (15th century). Formerly a 

 Danish town, it was entered by 

 German troops Feb. 7, 1864, and 

 annexed with Slesvig. During the 

 Slesvig-Holstein plebiscite after 

 the Great War, there were serious 

 disturbances in the town in Sept., 



1919. The subsequent voting re- 

 sults showed a large majority for 

 German rule. Pop. 60,922. 



Flers. Town of France, in the 

 dept. of Orne. It stands on the 

 Vere, 40 m. from Caen. It has a 

 16th century chateau, and cotton 

 spinning, bleaching, and dyeing 

 works. Pop. 13,600. Pron. Flare. 

 Flers. Village of France, in the 

 dept. of Somme. It is 3 m. N. of 

 Guillemont and 5 m. E. of the 

 Albert-Bapaume road. It was 

 prominent in the battle of the 

 Somme, being captured by the 

 41st and New Zealand divisions on 

 Sept. 15, 1916, on which day the 

 tanks were first used. Retaken by 

 the Germans in their spring offen- 

 sive, 1918, it was regained by the 

 Allies at the end of Aug., 1918. See 

 Somme, Battles of the. 



Flers, ROBERT DE (b. 1872). 

 French dramatist and writer. Born 

 at Pont-1'Eveque, Nov. 22, 1872, 

 ^^^^^^^^^_ and educated at 

 H Paris, he made 

 ,||| :, his reputation 

 H as collaborator 

 with G. A. de 

 8 Caillavet in a 

 Si series of light 

 and witty come- 

 dies. Among 

 them are Les 

 Robert de Flers, Travauxd'Her- 

 French dramatist cu]e> 19Q1; 



Primerose, 



1911 ; L'Habit Vert, 1912 ; La Belle 

 A venture, 1913. Also a well-known 

 journalist, he became assistant 

 editor of Le Figaro under Gaston 

 Calmette, in April, 1914, succeed- 

 ing him as editor, with Alfred Capus, 

 in June. He resigned this post in 



1920, rejoining the paper in 1922. 

 Fleshly School of Poetry, THE. 



Derisive name given to certain 

 19th century poets, chiefly D. G. 

 Rossetti and A. C. Swinburne. It 

 originated in an article in The 

 Contemporary Review, entitled 

 The Fleshly School of Poetry and 

 Other Phenomena of the Day, by 

 Thomas Maitland (Robert Bu- 

 chanan), which was afterwards 

 published as a pamphlet, 1872. 

 Swinburne replied in Under the 

 Microscope, 1872. Buchanan later 

 made a full amende honorable in 

 regard to Rossetti's work. 



3199 



Flesquieres. Village of France 

 in the dept. of Nord. It is S. of 

 Bourlon Wood, 1 m. S. of the 

 Bapaume-Cambrai road, and 2 m. 

 W. of Marcoing. Here on Nov. 20, 

 1917, in the first battle of Cambrai 

 the British encountered stubborn 

 German resistance. Taken by the 

 British, Nov. 21, it was evacuated 

 in March, 1918, and regained at 

 the end of Sept., 1918. See Cam- 

 brai, Battles of. 



Fletcher, ANDREW, OP SALTOTTN 

 (1655-1716). Scottish politician. 

 Born at Saltoun (now Salton), 

 East Lothian, 

 he was educat- 

 ed by the par- 

 i s h minister, 

 Gilbert Burnet, 

 afterwards 

 bishop of Salis- 

 bury. He sat 

 as a commis- 

 sioner in the 

 Scots conven- 

 tion of estates 

 in 1678, and 

 opposed the govem- 



Andrew Fletcher, 

 Scottish politician 



After Aikman 



vigorously ^ x 

 ment. In 1685 he joined Mon- 

 mouth's expedition to England, 

 but, having killed a man in a 

 private quarrel, fled to Spain. He 

 returned in 1688 with William of 

 Orange, and became a determined 

 opponent of the Union. He is re- 

 membered by the remark from his 

 Account of a Conversation, "I knew 

 a very -wise man, so much of Sir 

 Christopher's (Sir Christopher Mus- 

 grave's) sentiment, that he believed 

 if a man were permitted to make all 

 the ballads, he would not care who 

 should make the laws of a nation." 

 Fletcher, ALFRED EWEN (1841- 

 1915). British journalist. Born at 

 Long Sutton, Lincolnshire, and 

 educated a t 

 Owens College 

 and Edinburgh 

 University, h< 

 was for a few 

 years engaged 

 in the teaching 

 profession. In 

 1872 he en- 

 tered journal- 

 ism, and in 

 1878 became 

 leader writer 

 on The Daily Chronicle, which he 

 edited from 1890 until he resigned 

 in 1895. He contested Greenock as 

 an independent radical in 1895, and 

 the Camlachie division of Glasgow 

 as a radical and labour candidate in 

 1900. He edited Sonnenschein's 

 Cyclopedia of Education, 1889, con- 

 tributed a monograph on Gains- 

 borough to the Makers of British 

 Art series, and published The 

 Sermon on the Mount and Prac- 

 tical Politics, 1911. He died Nov. 

 14, 1915. 





Alfred E. Fletcher, 

 British journalist 



Elliott & Fry 



FLETCHER 



Fletcher, BANISTER FLIGHT 

 (b. 1866). British architect and 

 author. Born in London, Feb. 15, 

 1866, he studied at the R.A., and 

 elsewhere. A barrister and a trav- 

 eller, he practised also as an archi- 

 tect, and lectured on architecture. 

 His books include A History of 

 Architecture on the Comparative 

 Method, 5th ed. 1905, A Life of 

 Palladio, 1902, and other works. 



Fletcher, GILES (c. 1588-1623). 

 English poet. Brother of Phineas 

 and cousin of John Fletcher, the 

 dramatist, he was educated at 

 Westminster and Cambridge, and 

 died rector of Alderton, Suffolk. 

 His principal work, an allegorical 

 poem entitled Christ's Victory and 

 Triumph, 1610, was modelled on 

 Spenser's Faerie Queene, and in- 

 fluenced Milton. 



Fletcher, JOHN (1579-1625). 

 English poet and dramatist. Son of 

 Dr. Richard Fletcher, he was born 

 at Rye, Sussex, 

 and educated 

 at Bene't (Cor- 

 pus Chris ti) 

 College, Cam- 

 bridge. On his 

 father's death, 

 being left with- 

 out means, he 

 took to writing 

 for the stage, John Fletcher, 

 c ol laborating English dramatist 



With Francis from an old engraving 



Beaumont and others in plays 

 which introduced tragi -comedy to 

 the English theatre. Independently 

 he wrote fifteen plays, including 

 The Faithful Shepherdess (a beau- 

 tiful pastoral play), Valentinian, 

 The Wild-Goose Chase, Monsieur 

 Thomas, Woman's Prize (a sequel 

 to The Taming of the Shrew), A 

 Wife for a Month, and The Chances. 

 He also collaborated with Mas- 

 singer, Middleton, Rowley, Field, 

 and Daborne. 



To what extent Fletcher was 

 responsible for The Two Noble 

 Kinsmen and Henry VIII remains 

 a vexed question. He wrote beauti- 

 ful lyrics and some of the raciest 

 dialogue in English dramatic litera- 

 ture, and the free movement of his 

 blank verse is a clue to his contribu- 

 tions to plays partly written by 

 others. He died of the plague and 

 was buried in S. Saviour's, South- 

 wark. See Beaumont; consult also 

 John Fletcher, 0. L. Hatcher, 1905; 

 Works of Beaumont and Fletcher, 

 ed. A. Dyce, 1843^6; A. Glover 

 and A. R. Waller, 1905-12. 



Fletcher, JOSEPH SMITH (b. 

 1863). British author. Born at 

 Halifax, and educated at Silcoates 

 School, he wrote much for York- 

 shire and other papers, signing 

 many of his contributions, Son of 

 the Soil. His many books include 



