3232 



Georgian era. Such is the canopy to 

 the 13th century font at Beverley 

 Minster, which is fashioned in the 

 Renaissance manner with cherub 

 heads and other ornament. 



Fontainebleau. Town and 

 commune of France, in the dept. 

 of Seine-et-Marne. Lying 37 m. 

 S.E. of Paris on the Paris-Lyons 

 rly., and about If m. from the left- 

 bank of the Seine, it is famed 

 chiefly for its palace and for the 

 forest of Fontainebleau which 

 surrounds it. The town has manu- 

 factures of porcelain and gloves, 

 paving-stone quarries, and grows 

 a fine type of dessert grapes. A 

 favourite Parisian resort during the 

 summer season, it has an important 

 school of military engineering and 

 artillery. Pop. 14,700. 



The palace of Fontainebleau 

 was founded probably by Robert 

 II of France about 998, and re- 

 built by Louis VII. His building 

 was demolished by Francis I, who 

 built a new palace on the same 

 site, which was in turn expanded 

 and ornamented by almost each 

 successive monarch, and became 

 the favourite dwelling-place of 

 Napoleon I. It was also much 

 altered and decorated by Louis 

 Philippe between 1837-40.' It re- 

 mains one of the finest buildings 

 in France, no less for its internal 

 than its external and garden 

 beauty. There are four principal 

 courts forming the main structure 

 the Cour du Cheval Blanc, Cour 

 de la Fontaine, Cour Ovale, Cour 

 d' Henri IV. The staircase of 

 Louis XIII, the gallery of Francis 

 I, the banqueting hall, and many 

 paintings and tapestries are nota- 

 ble. The palace has seen many 

 historic events, including the sig- 

 nature of the revocation of the 

 edict of Nantes, 1685, and the 

 abdication of Napoleon I, 1814. 



The forest, which is a state pro- 

 perty, has an area of some 42,500 

 acres, and a circumference of 

 nearly 57 m. Its beautiful mixed 

 woods, covering broken and often 

 rugged ground, have attracted 

 many artists to the smaller vil- 



FONTANELLES 



Fontana, DOMENICO (1543- 

 1007). Italian architect, Born at 

 Mili, Lake Como, he studied at 

 Rome, where he obtained the 

 patronage of Cardinal Montalto 

 (Pope Sixtus V), -becoming ponti- 

 lical architect under him in 1585. 

 His works included the Lateran 

 Palace, the N. transept of S. John 

 Lateran, Rome, and the lantern of 

 the main dome of S. Peter's (ac- 

 cording to Michelangelo's design). 

 After Sixtus's death, 1590, he 

 became royal architect at Naples, 

 where he built the Palazzo Reale. 

 and where he died. 



Fontane, THEODOB (1819-98). 

 German novelist and poet. He was 

 born at Neu Ruppin, Brandenburg, 

 Dec. 30, 1819. He first attracted 

 notice by his romantic ballads : 

 later, as novelist, he was known 

 as an uncompromising realist. 

 Some of Fontane's more notable 

 stories were Vor dem Sturm, 1878 ; 

 Stine, 1890; Der Stechlin, 1899; 

 and Cecile, 1900. Having visited 

 Britain three times, he wrote Ein 

 Sommer in London, 1854, and in 

 1860 two vols. of letters and 

 sketches concerning England and 

 Scotland. He acted as war corre- 



Fontainebleau. 1. Napoleon's throne. 2. Bedroom of the Empress Josephine. 



3. Gallery of Henry II, or ballroom, 18th century. 4. Cour du Chevai Blanc, 



where Napoleon bade farewell to men of the Old Guard, April 20, 1814 



lages in and near them, notably to 

 Barbizon (q.v. ). It suffered severely 

 trom fires in 1895 and 1911. 



Fontainebleau Sandstone. 

 Division of the Oligocene system 

 of rocks developed near Paris. It 

 is notable on account of the re- 

 markable purity of the sands, 

 which are composed almost en- 

 tirely of water-clear quartz, with 

 high silica-content (over99'65 p.c.), 

 and of great value in glass -making. 



Fontaine Notre Dame. Village 

 of France, in the dept. of Nord. 

 It is on the Bapaume-Cambrai road, 

 2m. W. of Cambrai. Captured on 

 Nov. 21, 1917, by the British in 

 the first battle of Cambrai, it was 

 recaptured by the Germans in 

 their counter-attack, and finally 

 regained by the British in Sept., 

 1918. See Cambrai, Battles of. 



spondent in the Slesvig-Holstein 

 campaign and in the Franco-Prus- 

 sian War. He published his auto- 

 biography in 1898, and died at 

 Berlin, Sept. 20, 1898. See Theo- 

 dor Fontane : A Critical Study, 

 Kenneth Hayens, 1920. 



Fontanelles (Fr., little foun- 

 tains). Soft spaces present in the 

 skull of the infant. The an- 

 terior fontanelle, the largest, is a 

 quadrilateral area occupying the 

 place where later the angles of the 

 two frontal and the two parietal, 

 or side, bones of the head will unite. 

 The posterior fontanelle lies be- 

 tween the posterior angles of the 

 parietals and the occipital bone 

 which forms the back part of the 

 skull. The lateral fontanelles, two 

 on each side, are small and irregular 

 in shape. The anterior fontanelle 



