FORECASTLE 



3248 



FOREIGN PRESS ASSOCIATION 



set athwart the beam or across the 

 decks. In the Royal Navy fore 

 and aft rig is colloquially used for 

 the uniform worn by chief petty 

 officers, or any other uniform of 

 which peaked cap and monkey- 

 jacket form a part. 



Forecastle OB FO'C'SLE. For- 

 ward part of a ship where the crew 

 live. The term is reputedly de- 

 rived from the forecastle which 

 used to stand here in the fighting 

 ships of medieval days. A monkey 

 forecastle is a small deck below 

 the level of the forecastle proper. 



Foreclosure (old Fr. forclos, 

 shut out). Term used in English 

 law. When a mortgagor has 

 failed to pay the debt in accord- 

 ance with his covenant, the mort- 

 gagee may take possession of the 

 land or other security ; but the 

 mortgagor has, at any time, the 

 right to come and say, " Here is 

 your money and interest, give me 

 back my security." This right is 

 called an equity of redemp/.ion. If 

 the mortgagee desires to exclude 

 the mortgagor from this equity, he 

 must bring an action to foreclose, 

 when the court orders that if the 

 mortgagor does not redeem within a 

 certain time, generally six months, 

 the equity shall expire, and the 

 mortgagee shall become the owner 

 of the security. See Mortgage. 



Foreign Bondholders, COK- 

 POBATION OF. British association 

 to protect the interests of those 

 who have lent money to foreign 

 countries. Founded in 1868 and 

 incorporated in 1898, it consists 

 of a president, vice-president, and 

 council. The corporation is es- 

 pecially concerned with bringing 

 pressure upon states, e.g. Hon- 

 duras, which have failed to pay 

 interest on their bonds, and nego- 

 tiates with such in order to get 

 something for the bondholders. It 

 has been successful in many nego- 

 tiations of this kind. Its offices are 

 17, Moorgate Street, London, E.G. 



Foreign Enlistment Act. 

 British Act of Parliament. There 

 are two such Acts, the first passed 

 in 1819 and the second in 1870. The 

 substance is that British subjects 

 must not take military service 

 under a foreign state without the 

 royal licence, nor equip ships to 

 be used against any foreign state 

 with which the country is at peace. 

 In 1835 the Act was suspended in 

 order to allow a legion to be raised 

 to serve against the Carlists in 

 Spain, and it was evaded during 

 the struggle for Italian freedom. 

 This, but more especially the event 

 of the American Civil War, made 

 necessary the stronger Act of 

 1870, which inflicts heavy penal- 

 ties on those who fit out ships for 

 raiding purposes on neutral ports 



and shipping. It was under this 

 Act that Dr. Jameson was tried in 

 1896. See Jameson Raid. 



Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 

 1890. Statute providing for the 

 exercise of jurisdiction over British 

 subjects in certain countries. 

 These are where the British crown 

 has acquired such rights by con- 

 quest or cession, e.g. certain parts 

 of China, and where there is no 

 settled government. It also em- 

 powers the crown to make laws for 

 the ordering of British subjects in 

 ships in eastern waters within 100 

 miles of the Chinese and Japanese 

 coasts. See International Law. 



Foreign Law. English law 

 treats foreign law solely as a matter 

 of fact. If an English court has 

 before it a case that turns on a 

 question of foreign law, it will not 

 refuse to decide the dispute. For 

 its satisfaction, therefore, quali- 

 fied lawyers of the country in 

 question must prove in evidence 

 what the law is, and on that the 

 ease will be decided. 



Foreign Legion (Fr. legion 

 etrangere). French corps in which, 

 previous to 1919, Alsatians and 

 Lorrainers who were born under 

 German rule could enlist volun- 

 tarily. It also included men of 

 other nationalities who had French 

 sympathies, or desired a life of 

 adventure. In peace time it gar- 

 risons a French colony, and in 

 recruiting for the Legion the 

 authorities are not particular as to 

 age or character. The Legion has a 

 great reputation as a fighting force. 



The Legion consists of two regi- 

 ments of four battalions, whose 

 headquarters are in Algiers, and is 

 officered chiefly by Frenchmen. 

 Connected with the Legion are 

 certain battalions known as the 

 Zephyrs, which are in fact disciplin- 

 ary units, the conscripts drafted 

 into them as a punishment serving 

 in the unhealthiest French colo- 

 nies. The Legion greatly distin- 

 guished itself in France in the 

 Great War. In Aug., 1920, it was 

 announced that the Legion was to 



Foreign Office, London, seen from St. 



Foreign Legion. Officer and men 



of the First Foreign Legion with 



their colours 



be reinforced and its scope con- 

 siderably widened. A regiment of 

 cavalry and of artillery and an 

 engineers' battalion were to be 

 added. 



Foreign Office . British govern- 

 ment department. Its head, the 

 secretary of state for foreign 

 affairs, has charge of all business 

 affecting the relations of Great 

 Britain with foreign powers. He 

 appoints, sends out, and super- 

 vises ambassadors, consuls, and 

 other diplomatic agents, and by 

 various means, not excluding the 

 use of secret agents, keeps him- 

 self acquainted with the course of 

 affairs abroad. Much of the work 

 is of a confidential character, and 

 the staff is recruited by a different 

 system from the rest of the civil 

 service. 



Until Sir Edward Grey became 

 foreign secretary in 1905 the 

 position was almost invariably 

 filled by a peer, among the holders 

 being Lords Palmerston, Claren- 

 don, Salisbury, 'Rosebery, and 

 Lansdowne. Before 1782, when the 

 foreign secretary first came into 

 existence, the control of foreign 

 affairs was divided between the two 

 principal s e c r e - 

 | taries of state, 

 j The secretary is 

 ! assisted by a par- 

 liamentary and a 

 permanent under- 

 secretary, and his 

 office, entered 

 from Downing 

 Street, overlooks 

 St. James's Park. 

 Foreign Press 

 Association. 

 London society 

 for the promotion 

 o f the interests 

 of editors and 

 James's Park correspondents of 



