FRIEDRICHSHAFEN 



335 1 



FRIENDLY SOCIETIES 







Friedrichshafen. The town, an important Zeppelin depot during the Great 

 War, seen from the harbour entrance on the Lake of Constance 



There is a Rathaus, a 20th century 

 edifice, while the town has a mete- 

 orological station. Friedrichshafen 



Haabai, and Vavau and the out- 

 lying islands of Niuatobutabu, 

 Taofahi, and Niuafoo, lies between 



partly of volcanic and partly of 

 coral formation, and only one- 

 fifth of the 150 are inhabited. The 

 people are fair Polynesians. Area, 

 390 sq. m. The capital is Nuku- 

 alofa. The native produce consists 

 of copra, mats, green fruit, and 

 fungus. 



The Friendly Islands were so 

 named by Cook in 1773, on account 

 of the courteous behaviour of the 

 inhabitants. Tasman first touched 

 here in 1643. There are numerous 

 reefs and shoals around the 

 islands, which abound in cocoa- 

 palms and a kind of fig tree with 

 narrow, pointed leaves. There is 

 steamer connexion with Sydney 

 and Auckland via Fiji. British 

 coin is the only legal tender. Salote, 



is a tourist resort, and steamers go lat. 15 and 23 30' S. and long, the queen, succeeded on April 29, 



by a British high commissioner, 

 with the assent of the king and 

 native chiefs. The islands are 



from here to various places on the 173 and 177 W. It is administered 

 lake, but in the 20th century, and 

 especially during the Great War, its 

 main interest was as a Zeppelin 

 depot. In the workshops here the 

 machines were put together and 

 over the lake they made their 

 trials, while for their reception were 

 numerous hangars, bombed by 

 Allied airmen in 1914-15. The 

 building of boats is another indus- 

 try. Hofen had a Benedictine mon- 

 astery, and Buchhorn was a free 

 city. Pop. 5,500. 

 Friedrichshafen. German aero- 



1918, on the death of her father, 

 George II. There is a pop. of 

 23,121 natives and 835 other 

 nationalities. 



FRIENDLY SOCIETIES AND THEIR WORK 



John Freeman, Liverpool Victoria Legal Friendly Society 



The various types of these societies are here described. See also the 

 article Guilds, and those on the various friendly societies, e.g. Odd- 

 fellows, and insurance companies, e.g. Prudential 



Friendly societies are voluntary tration, but the advantages of 



associations for the mutual relief 

 and maintenance of members in 

 sickness, old age, distress, etc. 



the Acts are not available to un- 

 registered societies. A registered 

 society can legally hold land, own 



Roman origins have been claimed, property in the names of trustees, 



plane. It is a big two-engined bi- and it ^ certain that in various carry on legal proceedings in such 

 plane of the Gotha model, used for - - - 



bombing purposes. Generally 

 known as the F.F., this machine 



,y , . Single C11V4 ui uiio j. noi ouiu, i/uo n>cgiiu.uug jjoii/jr. JLU tiijujo iiCTTVivruu injiu 



landing wheel under the forepart of the 18th cen turies, but it was income tax under schedules A, C, 

 of its fuselage, a fact which ren- 

 dered the type easy to recognize. 



Friedrichsruh. Village of 

 Holstein, Germany. It is 16 m. 

 S.E. of Hamburg, and is interest 



forms they have existed for cen- names, and take summary pro 

 turies. In Great Britain certain ceedings against persons commit- 

 societies were founded about the ting an offence hi regard to its pro- 

 end of the 17th and the beginning perty. It enjoys freedom from 



not until 1793 that the movement and D of the Income Tax Act, 1918. 

 became sufficiently prominent to Its members may legally insure 

 call for legislation. The first for funeral expenses on the deaths 

 Friendly Societies Act was then of wives and children, and may 

 passed, permitting an unlimited dispose of sums payable at death 



ing because the castle here was number of persons to raise funds up to 100 by written nomination 

 Bismarck^residence^ He died here for mu t ua l advantage, make rules, without a will. 



To be registered, a society must 



secured the privileges of the Act have at least seven members, and 

 by obtaining confirmation of their its work is limited to its specified 



objects. The total amount insured 

 on any one life may not exceed 

 300, whether issued by one or 

 more than one society. Societies 

 must make certain annual returns 



._ . --. - . - ior mutual advantage, maite ruies, 



in July, 1898, and is buried in the impose g^ etc> Early soc ieties 



mausoleum. Pop. 279. 



Friedrichsthal. Town of Ger- 

 many, in the Rhine prov. It is 11 

 m. N.E. of Saarbriick, with which 

 it is connected by electric rly. 

 Pop. 10,500. A village of this 

 name in Mecklenburg-Schwerin 

 stands near the lake of Neumuhlen. 

 There is another Friedrichsthal, 

 this being in the Black Forest. 



Friedric h- Wilhelmshafen. 

 Former name of a seaport of Kaiser 

 Wilhelm's Land, in the former Ger- 

 man colony of New Guinea. It was 



rules from a justice of the peace. 



Various legislation followed. 

 There were Acts in 1793, 1819, and 

 1829, which required an examina- 

 tion of the rules by a barrister, 

 followed by those of 1834 and 

 1846, when the office of registrar 



to the chief registrar, and must 

 make a valuation of their assets 



was created. In 1896 the existing and liabilities at least once every 



enactments were consolidated into five years. 



two, affecting the main types into 



which the movement had devel- 



Classification of Societies 

 Societies generally may be classi- 



oped, viz. friendly societies proper fied according to their purpose 

 The and the objects of their benefits. 



Sept? 12, 1914, and is now adminis- registry of friendly societies is re- They can be established for the 

 tered by Australia and called sponsible for the application of relief or maintenance of mem- 



occupied by an Australian force, and collecting societies. 



Madang. White pop. 243. 



Friendly OR TONGA ISLANDS. 

 Group of islands in the S. Pacific 

 Ocean, a British possession. The 

 kingdom, consisting of three 



both Acts. The Friendly Societies bers during sickness or infirmity, 

 Act, 1908, and the Assurance Com- in old age (i.e. any age after 50), 

 panies Act, 1909, are the chief 

 legislation of the 20th century. 



widowhood, or distressed circum- 

 stances, when travelling in search 



Registration is voluntary. So- of employment, or in such circum- 



groups of islands Tongatabu, cieties may operate without regis- stances as shipwreck, or damage to 



