FURNIVAL'S INN 



3383 



FURSTENBUND 



4, 1825, he was educated at Uni- 

 versity College, London, and Trin- 

 ity Hall, Cambridge, and was called 

 to the bar in 

 1849. He was 

 chiefly known 

 for his ser- 

 vices to Eng- 

 lish literature. 

 The publica- 

 tions of the 

 Early English 

 Text Society, 

 F. J. Furnivall, founded by 

 British philologist himself, like 



111011 & Fry the New ghak- 



spere, Chaucer, Wyclif, Browning, 

 and Shelley societies, have been of 

 great service to students of English. 

 His own most important work 

 was an edition of Chaucer. He 

 took much interest in the welfare 

 of the working classes and in the 

 Working Men's College. He was a 

 keen oarsman, and started a row- 

 ing club for working girls. He died 

 July 2, 1910. 



Furnival's Inn. Old London 

 Inn of Chancery. It was on the N. 

 of Holborn, between Brooke Street 

 and Leather Lane. It dated from 

 the reign of Henry IV, was rebuilt 

 in the 16th century, and ceased its 

 career as an inn in 1818, when it 

 was again rebuilt. Dickens wrote 

 the greater part of Pickwick when 

 resident here. Its site is approxi- 

 mately that of the premises of the 

 Prudential Assurance Co., built 

 in 1879. 



Furrier. Name for a dealer in 

 furs. The trade itself is sometimes 

 known as furriery. See Fur. 



Furring. Term applied to the 

 deposition in kettles and boilers of 

 lime salts from the hard water 

 boiled in those vessels. Fur is ob- 

 jectionable because, being a very 

 bad conductor of heat, it impedes 

 the transmission of heat from the 

 fire to the water. The practice of 

 placing a marble in the kettle is 

 intended to prevent, by the con- 

 stant movement of the marble, the 

 deposition of a compact layer of 

 the calcium carbonate on the bot- 

 tom and sides of the kettle. Fluids 

 used in preventing incrustation in 

 large boilers contain caustic alkalis 

 (to soften the water) and a tannin 

 containing material which has the 

 property of preventing the aggre- 

 gation of the precipitated lime salts. 



Furrow. Trench or hollow made 

 by the plough. It comes from an 

 Anglo-Saxon word, and has been 

 extended to describe hollows of 

 other kinds, such as furrows on the 

 face. See Plough. 



Furse, CHARLES WELLINGTON 

 (1868-1904). British painter. Born 

 at Staines, the son of the Rev. C. W. 

 Furse, and educated at Hailey- 

 bury, he studied art at the Slade 



School under Legros, and in Paris 

 under Julien. In open-air por- 

 traiture he achieved rapid success, 

 notably in The Return from the 

 Ride, 1903, and Diana of the Up- 

 lands, 1904, a portrait of his wife, 

 both in the Tate Gallery, Timber 

 Haulers and Cubbing with the York 

 and Ainstey, 1904. A sportsman 

 himself, he easily caught the 

 atmosphere of country life, com- 

 posing on a robust scale in bold, 

 luminous masses of colour. He was 

 elected A.R.A. in 1904, and died 

 Oct. 17, 1904. 



Furse, DAME KATHARINE (b. 

 1875). British organizer. She 

 was born at Bristol, Nov. 23, 1875, 

 the daughter of 

 John Adding- 

 ton Symonds, 

 and educated 9 

 privately ; she m 

 married C. W. | 

 Furse, the 

 pa i n t e r, in 

 1900. On the 



outbreak of the Dame Katharine 

 Great War she Furse, 



developed the British organizer 

 activities of the Elliott * F *y 



Voluntary Aid Detachments estab- 

 lished in 1909 in connexion with, 

 the Territorial Force, and went to 

 France to organize the work there. 

 Returning in the spring of 1915, 

 she became commandant-in-chief 

 of the V.A.D.'s. In 1917 she 

 resigned this appointment and 

 became director of the Women's 

 Royal Naval Air Service. She was 

 created G.B.E. in 1917. 



Furse, SIR WILLIAM THOMAS (b. 

 1865). British soldier. Born April 

 21, 1865, he was the son of the 

 ^^^^^^ i Rev. C. W. 

 I Furse, arch- 

 il deacon of 

 I Westminster. 

 Educated at 

 Eton, he en- 

 tered the Royal 

 Artillery in 

 1884, and in 

 1893 became a 

 Sir W. T. Furse, captain. In In- 

 British soldier dia he wag on 



the staff of Lord Roberts, 1891-93, 

 and having passed through the 

 Staff College, he was attached to 

 the headquarters of the army, 

 1897-1902. He served also on the 

 staff in S. Africa, 1900-1, after 

 which he was on the staff at home 

 from 1902-14. In 1915 Furse 

 went to France in command of a 

 brigade. In 1916 he was made 

 master of the ordnance and a 

 member of the army council, re- 

 signing at the end of 1919. He won 

 the D.S.O. in S. Africa, was 

 knighted in 1917, and made a lieu- 

 tenant-general in 1919. His 

 brother, Michael Bolton (b. 1870), 



Max Fiirstenberg, 

 German prince 



was bishop of Pretoria, 1909-19, 

 when he was appointed bishop of 

 St. Albans. 



Fiirstenberg. Name of an old 

 German family. It is taken from 

 Fiirstenberg, a place in the Black 

 Forest, where 

 the family ori- 

 ginally resided. 

 The castle here 

 was built by 

 them about 

 1200, after they 

 had inherited 

 the lands of the 

 Zehringen 

 family. The 

 Furstenbergs 

 split up into a number of branches, 

 of which three were raised to the 

 rank of princes of the empire. They 

 lost their position as rulers in 

 1804 when the principality of 

 Fiirstenberg was mediatised, but 

 the family continued prominent. 

 The family is now represented 

 by three branches, one settled 

 a.t Donauschwingen, another at 

 Konigshof in Bohemia, and a third 

 in Lower Austria. Maximilian 

 Egon (b. 1863), prince of Fursten- 

 berg, the head of the Donau- 

 schwingen line, was one of the 

 intimate friends of the ex-kaiser 

 William II. 



For several centuries Fursten- 

 bergs have been prominent in 

 public life in Germany and Austria, 

 whether as soldiers, ecclesiastics, 

 or politicians, and most of them 

 have borne the Christian name of 

 Egon. Two notable Furstenbergs 

 were bishops of Strasbourg. Franz 

 Egon was made bishop in 1663 

 and held the see until his death in 

 1682. His brother, William Egon, 

 succeeded to the bishopric and was 

 made a cardinal. Both brothers 

 were soldiers before they became 

 prelates. Those members who are 

 not of princely rank are known as 

 landgraves. 



Fiirstenbund (Ger., league of 

 princes). Term specially applied 

 to the league formed by Frederick 

 the Great in July, 1785, to main- 

 tain the existing constitution of 

 the Empire as established by the 

 treaty of Westphalia. The emperor 

 Joseph II was pressing a scheme for 

 securing Bavaria for himself and 

 in exchange giving the Netherlands 

 to the Bavarian ruler. Frederick 

 persuaded the rulers of Saxony and 

 Hanover George III of Great 

 Britain to combine with him 

 against this policy, and the league- 

 was joined by the elector of Mainz, 

 tli3 rulers of Brunswick, Baden. 

 Hesse -Cassel, Mecklenburg, and 

 others. It succeeded in stopping 

 Joseph's project, but did not long 

 survive the death of its mainstay, 

 Frederick. 



