FORSTENWALDE 



Furstenwalde. Town of Ger- 

 many, in the Prussian prov. of 

 Brandenburg^ /It is on the Spree, 

 92 m. E.S.E. of Berlin. A bishop's 

 seat until 1571, its chief building 

 is the cathedral. One of the richest 

 town? in the prov., it owns a 

 forest of about 12,000 acres. The 

 making of beer, vinegar, and 

 starch, and iron-founding are im- 

 portant industries. Pop. 22,626. 



Ftirth. Town of Germany, in 

 Bavaria. A rly. junction, 5 m. 

 N.W. of Nuremberg, it stands at 

 the confluence of the rivers Pegnitz 

 and Rednitz. Its chief buildings 

 are S. Michael's Church and the 

 town hall, as well as the ruins of a 

 castle; there are other churches 

 and several schools, but nearly all 

 its edifices are modern. Its trade 

 and population grew considerably 

 between 1885 and 1914, its 

 chief industries being printing and 

 attendant trades, the making of 

 machinery, toys, and fancy goods. 

 There is also a trade in agricultural 

 produce, and an annual fair is held. 

 It has a large Jewish population. 

 At one time, under the burgesses of 

 Nuremberg and later the bishops 

 of Bamberg, Fiirth became part of 

 Bavaria in 1806. Pop. 66,553. 



Furunculus (Lat. ). The acute 

 localised inflammation of a skin 

 follicle. See. Boil. 



Fury and Hecla Strait. Narrow 

 channel of the Arctic regions, sep- 

 arating Baffin Bay from Melville 

 Peninsula on the S. It contains 

 numerous islands and communi- 

 cates with the Gulf of Boothia on 

 the W., and with Fox Channel on 

 the E. Parry, the Arctic explorer, 

 discovered the strait in 1822. 



Furze OR GORSE (Ulex euro- 

 pens). Shrub of the natural order 

 Lejruminosae. It is a native of 



Furze. Left, seedling with leaves, Ulex 

 europeus. Right, dwarf furze, U. minor 



Europe, the Canaries, and Azores. 

 It varies in height from 2 ft. to 

 8 ft., according to situation, and is 

 densely covered with sharp ever- 

 green spines, which are mainly 

 transformed leaves. Young seed- 

 lings have trefoil leaves, and a 

 single leaflet is sometimes at- 

 tached to the long spines of older 

 plants. The bright yellow, scented 



3384 



flowers are borne on the larger 

 spines, which are twigs. The two- 

 lobed calyx is yellow, like the 

 petals, but covered with short 

 black hairs. The black pods are 

 about | in. long, and hairy. The 

 seeds bear an oily attachment, 

 known as an elaiosome, which is 

 relished by ants, who convey the 

 seeds to their runs to feed upon this 

 part. By this agency the distribu- 

 tion of the plant is effected. The 

 dwarf furze (U. minor), smaller in 

 all its parts, is native only in Bel- 

 gium, France, and Britain. 



Fusagasuga. Town of Colom- 

 bia, S. America, in the dept. of 

 Cundinamarca. It stands at an 

 elevation of 5,627 ft., 28 m. S.W. of 

 Bogota, and is locally known as the 

 Cordilleran Paradise. A summer 

 resort, it is one of the chief coffee- 

 growing centres of the country. 

 Pop. 13,443. 



Fusan. Seaport of Korea or 

 Chosen, belonging to Japan. It 

 stands at the S.E. extremity of the 

 Korean peninsula, on Broughton 

 Strait, 7 m. from the mouth of the 

 Nak-tong river, and is the S. ter- 

 minus of the rly. from Seoul, dis- 

 tant about 280 m. Old Fusan is the 

 .native town and New Fusan is 

 mostly inhabited by Japanese, 

 who virtually control the trade. 



Fusan is a treaty port, opened to 

 foreign commerce in 1883. ~ v The 

 harbour is sheltered and deep, and 

 the largest vessels afloat can ap- 

 proach the quay. Steamers ply to 

 and from Nagasaki, Port Arthur, 

 Vladivostok, Shanghai, Chemulpo, 

 and other ports, and the town has 

 cable communication with Naga- 

 saki. The trade is connected with 

 cotton fabrics, raw silk, Japanese 

 wares, hides, rice, dried fish, petro- 

 leum, and beans. Of the fisheries 

 the principal catch is herring and 

 cod. In 1917 the Korean rly. 

 system, some 1,000 m. in length, 

 was put under the control of the S. 

 Manchurian Rly. It extends from 

 Fusan to Changchun in the Kirin 

 prov., a junction for the route to 



FUSE 



Petrograd via Harbin. Since the 

 annexation of Korea by Japan in 

 1910, the Japanese have been im- 

 proving the harbour, making 

 roads, and building water and 

 electricity works. Pop. 47,000. 



Fusaro. Lagoon of Italy. The 

 ancient Acherusia Palu's, it is in the 

 prov. of Naples, 11 m. W. of 

 Naples, and is separated from the 

 sea by alluvial sand-hills. The 

 Romans made an outlet for it in 

 the 1st century A.D. During the 

 Empire its banks were studded 

 with villas, of which there are 

 many remains, besides tombs. 

 Then, as now, the lake was famed 

 for its oysters. 



Fuse (Dim. of fusee, from Fr./M- 

 st7,agun). Means employed to ignite 

 a detonator (q.v.). When a charge 

 of explosive is to be fired instan- 

 taneously the fuse is made of quick- 

 match. When such delay as enables 

 the firing party to get to a safe dis- 



Fusan, the Japanese port in the south-eastern extremity 

 of Korea 



Fuse. Electric fuse-box opened with 

 " cartridge " in place 



tance is needed, a safety fuse of fine 

 gunpowder is used. For blasting 

 purposes an electric fuse is some- 

 times used. It consists of a small 

 copper case containing fulminating 

 powder, to which the conductor ter- 

 minals are secured. A fine wire, 

 passing through the detonator, con- 

 nects the terminals. When an 

 electric current is switched on, the 

 thin wire is heated by its passage 

 and ignites the 

 powder. In another 

 type the fuse wire 

 is omitted and the 

 ends of the con- 

 ductor wires are 

 brought nearer 

 together within 

 the detonator ; in 

 this case the 

 current, leaping 

 across the gap, 

 causes a spark 

 which ignites the 

 charge. ; 



In the case of 

 shells, a fuse forms 

 part of the pro- 

 jectile, and acts at 



