GALWAY 



3413 



GAMBETTA 



Galway. Map of the second largest Irish county, with Galway Bay and 

 the adjacent islands 



Galway ; the latter include the 

 Aran Islands, Inishbofin, Gorumna, 

 and Lettermore. 



The country is one of the wildest 

 and most beautiful parts of 

 Ireland, especially its western por- 

 tion. The eastern part is flat and 

 boggy ; the west, known as Conne- 

 mara, contains the mountain 

 group of the Twelve Pins. Joyce's 

 Country is an adjacent moun- 

 tainous district, while a third is 

 called lar Connaught. In the south 

 are the Slieve Aughty Mts. and a 

 stretch of the golden vale ; on the 

 north there is another fertile area. 



The Shannon flows along the 

 borders of the county, which has 

 few other rivers. Lough Corrib 

 is the most notable lake ; it is 4 m. 

 from Galway and is about 50 sq. m. 

 in area. On it are a number of in- 

 habited islands. The chief indus- 

 tries are the rearing of cattle, 

 sheep, and poultry, while there are 

 many fishermen here. Oats and 

 potatoes are grown, limestone and 

 marble are worked, and there are 

 some manufactures of linens and 

 woollens. The county is served by 

 the M.G.W. of Ireland and the 

 G.S. and W. Rlys. The chief 

 places are Galway, Ballinasloe, 

 Loughrea, Tuam, Oughterard, Clif- 

 den, Athenry, Portumna, and Gort. 

 There are cathedrals at Tuam and 

 Clonfert. A number of small places 

 are visited by tourists and sports- 

 men. There are some prehistoric 

 remains on the Aran Islands. 

 Pop. 102,200. 



Galway. Seaport, market town, 

 and county town of Galway, Ire- 

 land. It stands on the N. side of 

 Galway Bay, at the mouth of the 

 Corrib, and is 130 m. from Dublin 

 on the M. and G.W. Rly. It has a 

 good harbour. There are some in- 

 teresting old buildings, several in 

 the Spanish style, and the town is 

 divided into an old town and a 



new town. In addition there is the 

 Claddagh, a district inhabited by 

 fisherfolk, who have some curious 

 customs and are still to some ex- 

 tent a distinct community. 



The chief church is S. Nicholas, 

 an old foundation, which for long 

 had a college attached to it. S. 

 Augustine's is modern. As the 

 chief town of Connaught, Galway 

 has a university college. This was 

 founded as Queen's College in 1848. 

 The town has fisheries and a con- 

 siderable shipping trade ; its other 

 industries include flour mills, dis- 

 tilling, and marble polishing. Ow- 

 ing to its situation on the most 

 westerly harbour 

 of the British 

 Isles, it has been 

 proposed several 

 times to make it 

 a great Atlantic 

 packet station. 

 Market days, 

 Wed. and Sat. 

 For purposes of 

 local government 

 Gal way is an 

 urban district. 

 Salthill is a suburb 

 visited as a plea- Galway. 



sure resort. Pop. 13,250. 



Galway Bay. Inlet on the W. 

 coast of Ireland, between cos. Clare 

 and Galway. It is protected at the 

 entrance by the Aran Islands, 

 which form a natural breakwater. 

 Its length is 30 m., and breadth 

 at entrance 22 m. 



Galway, VISCOUNT. Irish title 

 borne since 1727 by the family of 

 Monckton-Arundell. In that year 

 John Monckton, an English M.P. 

 (d. 1751), was made an Irish peer. 

 He bought the estate of Serlby, 

 Yorks, since then the seat of his 

 descendants, and his son, the 2nd 

 viscount, took the additional name 

 of Arundell. His descendants still 

 hold the title, George, the 7th vis- 



count, succeeding in 1886. As Irish 

 peers they could sit in the House of 

 Commons, and nearly every one of 

 them did so until 1887, when the 

 7th viscount was made a peer of the 

 United Kingdom as Baron Monck- 

 ton. Pron. Gaulway. 



Galway Castle. Union Castle 

 liner. Built at Belfast in 1911, she 

 had a gross tonnage of 7,988. She 

 was torpedoed and sunk whilst 

 outward bound to S. Africa on 

 Sept. 12, 1918, when over 150 lives 

 were lost. 



Gamaliel (d. c. 52). Jewish 

 rabbi. The grandson of Hillel, he 

 was an important member of the 

 Sanhedrin. S. Paul attended his 

 school at Jerusalem, as a youth. 

 Famed for his learning, piety, and 

 tolerance, he urged that the early 

 preachers of Christianity should 

 not be interfered with. The 

 legend of his conversion to Chris- 

 tianity has no foundation. 



Gamba (ItaL, leg). (1) Abbrev. 

 of viola da gamba, one of the 

 large viols, played between the 

 knees of the performer. (2) Organ 

 stop, usually of 8 ft. pitch, with a 

 reedy tone like that of the stringed 

 instrument. See Organ ; Viol. 



Gambela. Trading station of 

 Abyssinia, in the W. of the country. 

 It stands on a tributary of the 

 Sobat river, and is an important 

 outlet for the trade in the W. It is 

 leased to the Sudan government, 

 and there is steamer communica- 



University College, founded in 1848 

 tion with Khartum from June to 

 Nov., via the Sobat river and the 

 Bahr-el-Abiad or White Nile. 



Gambetta, LON (1838-82). 

 French statesman. Born at Ca- 

 hors, Lot, April 2, 1838, his father 

 being a grocer o? Genoese origin 

 who had settled there, he became 

 a law student in Paris, and was 

 early prominent for his repub- 

 lican enthusiasm. Called to the bar 

 in 1859, in Nov., 1868, he made a 

 deep impression by his defence of 

 the republican journalist, L. C. 

 Delescluze, who had been prose- 

 cuted for proposing a monument 

 to Charles Baudin, killed in the 

 coup d'etat of 1851. Elected to the 

 Chamber in May, 1869, he became 



