GAY 



3452 



: GAY-LUSSAC 





Gawsworth, Cheshire. Tombs of members of the 

 Fytton family in the parish church 



century, and for over 400 years ! 

 the home of the Fytton or Fitton 

 family, were not included in the 

 Scale. The New Hall, erected by 

 Lord Mohun, was withdrawn. 

 Gawsworth Church, the older parts 

 of which are attributed to the 

 llth century, was restored in 1851, 

 and an appeal was made for its 

 further renovation in 1920. It con- 

 tains many monuments of the 

 Fytton family. See Fytton ; Dark- 

 Lady of the Sonnets. 



Gay, JOHN (1685-1732). Eng- 

 lish poet and dramatist. Born in 

 Devonshire, he began life as a silk 

 mercer, but for- 

 sook business 

 for literature. 

 His first real 



Gaya. Town 

 and district of 

 India. In Bihar 

 and Orissa, its 

 area is 4,712 

 sq. m. Gaya is 

 notable for its 

 many associa- 

 tions with the 

 ancient religion of 

 Buddha. Thus at 

 Buddh Gaya is the 

 great temple of that 

 name, which dates 

 back to 543 B.C., 

 and the Barabar 

 Caves, 16 m. N. of 

 Gaya town, are 



P. Gayangos y Arce, 

 Spanish historian 



Gaya, India. General view of the Buddhist temples 

 and shrines in the town 



success was a 

 pastoral, Shep- 

 herd's Week, 

 1714, written 

 at the sugges- 

 tion of Pope, 

 to whom he 

 had dedicated a 

 previous effort. This was followed 

 by Trivia, 1716, a description of 

 the moving panorama of the Lon- 

 don streets, and by his Fables, 

 1727, which were a notable success. 

 His best work, however, is The Beg- 

 gar's Opera, 1728, a lyrical drama 

 of thieves and highwaymen. It 

 had a great vogue, and Gay fol- 

 lowed it up with a sequel, Polly, 

 which, on account of its political 

 references, was prohibited ; but it 

 was published in book form, 1729. 

 Among other pieces from Gay's 

 pen was the well-known song 

 Black-eyed Susan. Gay was a 

 great social favourite. The last 

 years of his life were spent in tho 

 household of his friends the duke 

 and duchess of Queensberry, and 

 he died on Dec. 4. 1732. Gay wrote 

 with grace and distinction the arti- 

 ficial verse of the period, but he 

 sometimes shows a true feeling for 

 nature. The Beggar's Opera was 

 successfully revived at the Lyric 

 Theatre, Hammersmith, in 1920. { 



regarded as among the oldest 

 existing Buddhist monuments. 

 Gaya town contains the famous 

 temple of Vishnupada and other 

 sacred shrines. Of the total area 

 of the district about two-thirds 

 is under cultivation ; and of the 

 cultivated area half is devoted 

 to rice ; other crops are wheat, 

 pulses, and oilseeds. There are a 

 number of small industries, car- 

 pets and rugs, ornaments, stone- 

 ware, and lac being among the 

 manufactures. 



Gayal (Bos fronlalis). Species of 

 wild ox found in the hilly regions 

 of N.E. India. It 

 is smaller than F ^ivf 



the gaur, with | 

 which it is said to ! 

 interbreed, and \ . jjB 

 has straighter | 

 horns without any f 

 crest between 

 them. It is more 

 often seen semi- 

 domesticated 

 than wild. See 

 Gaur. 



Gayangos y 

 Arce, PASCUAL 

 DE (1 809-97). 

 Spanish historian. 

 Bom at Seville, 

 June 21, 1809, he 

 became professor 



of Arabic at Madrid, 1843, and, in 

 1881, director of public instruction 

 for Spain. His historical and literary 

 work was 

 mainly that 

 of editing 

 MSS., letters, 

 etc., and his 

 skill in read- 

 ing 16th cen- 

 tury hand- 

 writing was of 

 great use to 

 W.H.PreKcott, 

 the historian. Gayangos lived much 

 in London, where he died Oct. 4, 

 1897. He compiled a catalogue of 

 the Spanish MSS. in the British 

 Museum, 1875. 



Ga y Lord 

 Q u e x, THE. 

 Modern comedy 

 by Arthur Pinero, 

 produced, April 8, 

 1 S99, at the* (old) 

 Globe, where it 

 ran for 300 per- 

 formances. John 

 Hare and Irene 

 Vanbrugh won a 

 triumph in the 

 piece. 



Gay - Lussac, 

 Louis JOSEPH 

 (1778-1850). 

 French chemist. 

 Born at St. 

 Leonard, Haute Vienne, Dec. 6, 

 1778, he was educated at the ficole 

 Polyteclmique, 

 Paris. Assist- 

 ant to Bert- 

 hollet, and to 

 Fourcroy, he 

 was professor 

 of chemistry at 

 the Ecole Poly- 

 tec h nique, 

 1809, and the 

 Jar din des 

 Plantes, 1832. 

 He was created 

 a peer in 1839. 





Gayal, a wild ox from north-east India 



