GAZAN1A 



3454 



GEAR 



to trans- 

 mit mo- 

 tion. A 

 m u 1 tiply- 

 inggear, as 

 of a clock 



Gazania. Leaves and flowers of the 

 S. African shrub 



Gazania. Genus of perennial 

 herbs of the natural order Composi- 

 tae. They are natives of the Cape of 

 Good Hope. The leaves of some 

 species are entire and lance-shaped ; 

 of others deeply cut into narrow 

 segments. The flower-heads are 

 showy, the ray-florets a tint of 

 yellow, and the tubular florets 



Gazelle. Specimen of the Korin gazelle 



usually of a darker colour. Many 

 of the garden varieties are hybrids. 



Gazebo. Summerhouse built to 

 command a wide view over the 

 surrounding country, correspond- 

 ing to the Italian belvedere. The 

 word is the future form of a sup- 

 posed Latin verb and means I will 

 survey. Lavabo, a wash-hand 

 basin, I will wash, is a similar 

 formation. A bow window is some- 

 times called a gazebo. 



Gazelle (Arab, ghazal). Name 

 given to a large number of species 

 of small antelopes, chiefly found in 

 the desert regions of the E. hemi- 

 sphere. They are the lightest and 

 most graceful of the antelopes, and 

 usually have remarkably slender 

 legs. The majority of the species 

 are less than thirty inches high. 



The upper molar teeth resemble 

 those of the sheep. c 



Gazetteer. Name given to a 

 ideographical dictionary or en- 

 cyclopedia, i.e. a book containing 

 information about towns, rivers, 

 mountains, etc., arranged in alpha- 

 betical order. Gazetteers may be 

 universal, i.e. dealing with the 

 whole world, or local, a gazetteer 

 of England and Wales, for instance. 

 The word referred originally to one 

 who wrote for gazettes, passing 

 thence to those who compiled 

 reference works of the kind in 

 question, and then to such works 

 themselves. In 1695 Laurence 

 Echard brought out The Gazet- 

 teer's or Newsman's Interpreter. 

 This was later abbreviated to The 

 Gazetteer, and so originated the 

 use of the word in its present con- 

 nexion. Harmsworth's New Atlas, 

 although more than a gazetteer, 

 contains much gazetteer informa- 

 tion revised up to 1919-20. 



G.B.E. Abbreviation for knight 



^ or dame Grand 



1 Cross Order of the 



British Empire. 



G.C.B. Abbre- 

 viation for Grand 



Cross of the Bath. 



He is known as Sir. 

 G.C.I.E. Ab- 



brev. for Grand 



Commander of the 



Indian Empire. 

 G.C.M.G. Ab- 



brev. for Grand 



Cross of S. Michael 



and S. George. 

 G. C. S. I. 



Abbreviation 



for Grand Com- 

 mander of the Star 



of India. 



G.C.V.O. Ab- 



brev. for Grand 



Cross of (Royal) 



Victorian Order. 



Geant, AIGU- 

 ILLE DU (Giant's needle). One of 

 the loftiest peaks of the Pennine 

 Alps, France. In the dept. of 

 Savoie, it is about 5 m. N.E. of 

 Mont Blanc, and has an alt. of 

 13,170ft. It is crowned with 

 an aluminium statuette of the 

 Madonna. T he steep ascent from 

 Chamonix. over the Col (pass) 

 du Geant (11,057 ft.) leads to 

 Courmayeur in Italy. 



Gear. Toothed wheel or 

 series of connected tooth wheels 

 for the transmission of motion 

 from one machine to another, or 

 from part of a machine to an- 

 other part. Gear wheels are of 

 varying shapes and sizes, with 

 many different kinds of teeth cut 

 upon them according to the speed 

 and direction they are required Double helical gear 



Bevel gear 



or bicycle, causes the driven part to 

 move 'faster than the driving part ; 

 a reducing, or de-multiplying gear, 

 as of a crane, acts the reverse way ; 

 a change speed gear enables the 

 relative speeds 

 of the driving 

 and driven 

 parts to be 

 varied at will ; 

 a reversing gear 

 alters the direc- 

 tion of motion. 

 In bevel gear, 

 the toothed 

 edges are set at 

 an angle to one 

 another so that 

 motion in one 

 direction may 



Skew gear 

 right angles. 



be transferred 

 to a direction 

 A skew gear 



at 



is employed between two shafts, 

 the axles of which are not parallel 

 and do not meet. Helical gear is 

 used for gearing down of steam 



Worm gear 



turbines, etc., and is remarkably 

 noiseless, owing to the constant 

 engagement of the teeth. The 

 double helical or herring-bone gear 

 has right and left handed rows of 

 teeth to eliminate end-thrust. 



Spur gear 



