GHIL.AN 



3518 



GHURIAN 



r *k . -M 



Ghirlandaio. The Last Supper, a fresco painted in 1480 on the refectory walls in the old monastery of Ognissanti, Florence 



He had long been agitating for the 

 union of Moldavia and Wallachia, 

 and when this took place in 1859 

 Ghika returned to Bukarest and 

 became the first prime minister. He 

 was Rumanian ambassador in Lon- 

 don, 1881-89, and died May 7, 1897. 



Ghilan OK GILAN. Prov. of 

 Persia. Lying between the Elburz 

 Mts. and the Caspian, it has an 

 area of 4,673 sq. m. and a pop. of 

 150,000. It is bounded W. by 

 Azerbeijan, S. by Kazvin, and E. 

 by Mazanderan. Though suffering 

 from inundations, its soil is fertile, 

 producing wheat, barley, and fruit, 

 and it has a trade in silks. Its chief 

 town is Resht. 



Ghilzai. Afghan tribe between 

 Kandahar and Kabul. They are 

 Pushtu-speaking Moslems, claiming 

 Turkish descent, and they rank in 

 military prowess with the dominant 

 Durani, but are distinguished by 

 their commercial enterprise. They 

 furnish the camel - caravans of 

 Povindah merchants who- have for 

 centuries traded between India 

 and Russian Turkistan. 



Ghioura. Variant of the Greek is- 

 land better known as Gyaro (q.v. ). 



Ghirlandaio, DOMENICO (1449- 

 94). ' Italian painter. Born at 

 Florence, his name was Domenico 

 Tommaso Corrado Bigordi, the 

 adopted sobriquet indicating that 

 he was a makeY of garlands. Ap 

 prenticed to a goldsmith, he also 

 studied painting under Alessio 

 Baldovinetti (q.i\). Between 1480 

 and his death, Jan. 11, 1494, he 

 produced many important works 

 in tempera and fresco, and in 

 mosaic. Among his most notable 



paintings are S. Jerome and The 

 Last Supper, 1480, in Florence ; 

 the fresco of S. Peter and S. An- 

 drew in the Sistine Chapel, 1483, 

 Rome ; Adoration of the Magi, 

 1488, Florence ; the Tornabuoni 

 frescoes, 1490, in S. Maria Novella, 

 Florence ; The Visitation, 1491, in 

 the Louvre. 



His mosaic of the Annunciata, 

 in Florence Cathedral, is justly 

 celebrated. In spite of a hardness 

 in his colour effects, Ghirlandaio 

 must be placed among the greatest 

 painters of his century. For a 

 short time Michelangelo was one of 

 his pupils, and his son, Ridolfo 

 (1483-1560), was also a painter 

 of ability. Pron. Gear-lan-diyo. 



Ghistelles. Village of Belgium, 

 in the prov. of W. Flanders. It is 

 11 m. S.S.W. of Bruges on the 

 Ostend-Thorout Rly. From the 

 autumn of 1914 until Oct. 16, 1918, 

 it was in the possession of the Ger- 

 mans,who established an aerodrome 

 here which was bombed by allied 

 airmen, Feb. 16, 1915, to Aug., 1918. 



Ghost. Spirit of a dead person 

 manifesting itself in some form 

 perceptible to the senses of the 

 living. Some measure of belief in 

 such posthumous manifestations 

 has been held in all times and by 

 all peoples. The ghost is frequently 

 associated with some crime in 

 which the person has been con- 

 cerned either as perpetrator or as 

 victim, and is. generally said to 

 appear about the hour of midnight 

 and to disappear at cockcrow. 



Sometimes these apparitions are 

 described as sheeted ghosts, imply- 

 ing an appearance in their shrouds, 



and sometimes as appearing in the 

 habit in which they lived, implying 

 spiritual replicas of material things, 

 as in Hamlet. See Psychical Re- 

 search ; Survival. 



Ghost Moth (Hepiahishumuli). 

 Common British moth. The male 

 has shining white wings with red- 

 dish fringes, the female yellowish 

 wings with brown spots and streaks. 

 The under surface of the wings in 

 both sexes is brown. This moth is 

 often seen at night, when its pecu- 

 liar flightcauses the white upper side 

 of the wings toappear and disappear 

 at intervals, whence its name. 



Ghoul (Arab. ghul). Monster of 

 Oriental legend supposed to haunt 

 burial places and devour the 

 corpses of the dead. Hence the 

 word is figuratively used of anyone 

 who revels in gruesome matters. 



Ghost Moth. Upper pair English, 



and lower pair Shetland, form of 



Hepialus humuli 



G.H.Q. Abbrev. for General 

 Headquarters. See Staff Work. 



Ghur OR GHORE. Town of 

 Afghanistan, 120m. S.E. of Herat. 

 It was in the 12th century the 

 capital of a powerful empire. 



Ghurian OR GARIAN. Ancient 

 town in Tripolitania. It is 74 m. S. 

 of Tripoli, with which it is con- 



