G10JA DEL COLLE 



3534 



GIOTTO Dl BONDONE 



G. Giolitti, 

 Italian statesman 



Gioja del Colle. Town of Italy, ' 

 in the prov. of Bari. A junction on 

 the Taranto line, it stands at an alt. 

 of 1,180 ft. above sea level, 37 m. 

 by rly. N. of Taranto. It trades 

 in grain, wine, and oil. Pop. 21 ,852. 

 Giolitti, GIOVANNI (b. 1842). 

 Italian statesman. Born at Mon- 

 dovi, Oct. 27, 1842, he was edu- 

 cated at the 

 university o f 

 Turin. An 

 advocate b y 

 profession, he 

 turned his 

 attention t o 

 politics, was 

 elected a mem- 

 ber of the 

 Chamber o f 

 Deputies, and 

 became minister of finance in 1889. 

 He was president or prime minister 

 for the fourth time from March, 

 1911, until 1914, when he resigned 

 and was succeeded by Salandra. 

 After the outbreak of the Great 

 War he tried to keep Italy neutral, 

 on the ground that she could ob- 

 tain sufficient concessions with 

 regard to the frontier from Austria 

 without fighting. He was prime 

 minister again, 1920-21. 



Giordani, PIETRO (1774-1848). 

 Italian author. Born at Piacenza, 

 Jan. 1, 1774, he became a Benedic- 

 tine monk, but in 1800 left the 

 order and became secretary to the 

 Accademia at Bologna. The publi- 

 cation of his Panegirico all' Im- 

 peratore Napoleone was sufficient 

 to warrant his disgrace at the re- 

 action of 1815, and he was the 

 object of continual persecution 

 until his death at Parma, Sept. 1, 

 1848. He wrote some of the best 

 prose of his period, and his essays 

 and eulogies have become classics. 

 Giordano, LUCA (1632-1705). 

 Italian painter. Born in Naples, 

 he studied under Giuseppe Ribera, 

 and after- 



wards went to f ~~*%*, 



Rome and I. 

 Venice. 11 < 



painted in a j ^? Je&K& '* 



free a n d } Jpt . ' 'v^HRfeJ 

 animated 

 manner, his 

 composition 

 was harmoni- 

 ous, his imagi- 

 native gifts 

 were consider- 

 able, and his 

 foreshortening was at once daring 

 and correct. He was summoned to 

 Madrid in 1692 by Charles II to 

 embellish the Escorial. 



His nickname of Fa Presto was 

 derived from his father's constant 

 injunction to hurry up (Luca, fa 

 presto Luke, make haste). His 

 best work is to be found in the 



Luca Giordano, 

 Italian painter 



From an etching 



Escorial, especially his decoration 

 of the staircase, representing the 

 Battle of St. Quentin and the 

 Taking of Montmorency. His pic- 

 tures may be seen in most of the 

 leading collections on the Conti- 

 nent, his Commerce and Naviga- 

 tion (Florence) and the Judgement 

 of Paris (in the Berlin Gallery) be- 

 ing especially characteristic. 



Giorgione, GIORGIO (1477- 

 1511). Venetian painter. Said to 

 have belonged to the Barbarelli 

 family, he was 

 born at Cas- 

 telfranco, and 

 studied under 

 Giovanni Bel- 

 lini, among his 

 fellow-pupils 

 being Titian 

 and Palma the 

 Elder. Among 



Giorgio Giorgione, his most cele- 

 Venetian painter brated works 



Self-portrait afe The g leep . 



ing Venus (Dresden Gallery), Evan- 

 der and Pallas (Vienna Gallery), 

 The Fete Champetre (Louvre), The 

 Golden Age (National Gallery, 

 London), and three in Venice, 

 Adrastus and Hypsipyle (Palazzo 

 Giovanelli), Apollo and Daphne(the 

 Seminario), and S. Mark Stilling 

 the Storm at Sea (the Accademia). 



Some of these were unfinished at 

 the time of his death in Venice, 

 but his contemporaries, even 

 Titian, deemed it an honour to 

 complete the master's work. In 

 his two versions of Jesus Bearing 

 the Cross one privately owned in 

 Boston and the other in the church 

 of San Rocco, Venice he drew the 

 Saviour after his own unconven- 

 tional ideas. His landscape work 

 was equally distinguished, and, to 

 judge from the few of his portraits 

 that have survived like The 

 Knight of Malta, The Concert, in 

 the Uffizi and 

 Pitti galleries in 

 Florence, and 

 Caterina Cornaro, 

 in a private collec- 

 tion in Milan he 

 was also an 

 accomplished por- 

 traitist. See 

 Giorgione, H. 

 Cook, 1900. 



Giotto di Bon- 

 done (c. 1266- 

 1337). Italian 

 painter. The 

 father of the 

 Italian Renais- 

 sance, as he is 

 considered to be, 

 was born at Colle, 

 near Florence. It 

 is probable that 

 he was the son 

 of Francesco 



Bondone di Vespignano, a well-to- 

 do landed proprietor ; that he was 

 apprenticed to the wool trade : 

 that he was in 

 the habit of 

 stopping at 

 Cimabue's 

 studio in Flor- 

 e n c e on the 

 way to his 

 work, and by 

 this means 

 called the mas- 

 ter's attention Giotto ^ Bondone> 

 to his genius. Italian painter 



Possibly from a print 



Giotto became 



a pupil of Cimabue, but the natura- 

 listic bent of his art from the first 

 suggests that he owed more to the 

 sculptor brothers, the Pisani, than 

 to any painter, and more to first- 

 hand study of nature than to any 

 master. About 1298 his tech- 

 nical proficiency must have been 

 achieved, for it was tfien that he 

 designed the mosaic of the Navicella 

 and painted the famous Stef aneschi 

 altar-piece for S. Peter's, Rome. 

 The former is now in the portico of 

 S. Peter's, and most of the latter 

 a triptych, with the central panel 

 representing Christ Enthroned 

 in the Sagrestia dei Canonici. The 

 more widely known frescoes of the 

 Life of S. Francis in the Franciscan 

 Church of Assisi were painted 

 shortly after, and in 1303 he was 

 commissioned by Enrico Scrovegno 

 to decorate the chapel of the An- 

 nunziata dell' Arena at Padua with 

 frescoes of the History of the 

 Virgin and Son. The mutilated 

 frescoes of S. Francis's life in 

 S. Croce Church, Florence, were 

 executed considerably later. 



One of his last works was the 

 design for the beautiful campanile 

 of Florence Cathedral. These are 

 the most notable extant examples 



Giotto di Bondone. The Ascension, one of the famous 



series of frescoes painted in 1305 in the chapel of the 



Annunziata dell' Arena, Padua 



