GLASGOW 



rates, effect improvement, and 

 carry on municipal enterprises. At 

 the present day the corporation 

 owns property valued at over 

 23,000,000. It has a debt of more 

 than 16,000,000, and its annual 

 revenue is about 4,000,000. The 

 management of the harbour is 

 undertaken by a separate body, 

 the Clyde Navigation Trust, which 

 has expended nearly 10,000,000, 

 has a debt of about 7,000,000, 

 and a revenue of 706,000, In 1893 

 Glasgow was made a county by 

 itself, of which the lord provost 

 as lord lieutenant appoints the 

 deputy lieutenants and justices oi 

 the peace. 



Functions of Corporation 



The chief undertakings of the 

 Corporation are the police, of 

 which the first paid body was 

 established in 1800; the fire bri- 

 gade established as a separate body 

 in 1878 ; the waterworks inau- 

 gurated by Queen Victoria in 1859, 

 by which Glasgow draws its sup- 

 plies from Loch Katrine and Loch 

 Arklet, the amount being now 

 110,000,000 gallons per day; the 

 supply of gas for heating, lighting, 

 and power purposes, an enterprise 

 in which it has some 3,250,000 

 invested ; the supply of electricity, 

 on which it has spent at least 

 1,250,000 since 1892; and the 

 provision of slaughter-houses and 

 of markets for cattle, fish, cheese, 

 vegetables, birds, dogs, and old 

 clothes, which is one of the oldest 

 enterprises of the city. 



Still to be mentioned are the 

 cleansing department, with its 

 elaborate system for destruction of 

 refuse or its conversion into 

 manure to be sold to farmers, or 

 used on the city's own farms at 

 Robroyston and elsewhere ; the 

 sewage works by which the city's 

 drainage is carried to Dalmarnock, 

 Dalmuir and Shieldhall for purifi- 

 cation ; and the electric tramway 

 system which runs through every 

 main thoroughfare of the city, and 

 for many miles into the country in 

 all directions. In 1916 the tramway 

 system had paid its own entire cost, 

 and the enterprise made a contri- 

 bution of some 60,000 a year to 

 the Common Good fund of the cor- 

 poration. By 1 9 1 9 , however, owing 

 to the great increase in wages, the 

 surplus revenue from the tram- 

 ways had ceased. 



The city also provides baths and 

 washing-houses, and model lodging 

 houses. Its reference library con- 

 tains nearly a quarter of a million 

 volumes, and controls fourteen 

 district lending libraries in different 

 parts of the city. Its public parks 

 include Glasgow Green, George 

 Square, Kelvingrove Park, Queen's 

 Park, and Rouken Glen, besides the 



3551 



fine estates of Ardgoil on Loch 

 Long, and of Balloch Castle on 

 Loch Lomond. The former, which 

 is 14,650 acres in extent, was pre- 

 sented to the city by Lord Row- 

 allan in 1905. 



Glasgow has unsurpassed facil- 

 ities for education. The univer- 

 sity, removed from High Street to 

 Gilmore Hill in 1870, is one of the 

 best equipped in the country. The 

 technical college, founded by pro- 

 fessor John Anderson, was the 

 earliest and is now one of the finest 

 in existence ; and the system of pri- 

 mary and secondary schools under 

 the education authority is most 

 efficient. The city's art galleries, of 

 which the collection was begun in 

 1670, are the richest in the kingdom 

 out of London. Its school of art has 

 turned out many notable artists, 

 and not a few designers of merit, 

 and the Glasgow School (q.v. ) is of 

 international repute. The city has 

 a large number of theatres and 

 other places of amusement, and 

 among its charitable institutions, 

 besides several vast municipal 

 hospitals, it has three great infirm- 

 aries and many other establish- 

 ments, like the Samaritan Hospital 

 and the Sick Children's Hospital, 

 which are carried on by private 

 beneficence alone. 



Glasgow Celebrities 



Among the natives of Glasgow 

 who have made name and fame in 

 the realms of literature and art are 

 Zachary Boyd, whose Last Battle 

 of the Soul in Death, 1629, is one 

 of the most forcible pieces of Scot- 

 tish prose writing ; Tobias Smol- 

 lett, whose Humphrey Clinker, 

 1771, commemorates Glasgow not- 

 ables of its time ; Dougal Graham, 

 the Rabelais of Scotland ; John 

 Mayne, author of The Siller Gun, 

 1808 ; James Grahame, author 

 of The Sabbath, 1804; Thomas 

 Campbell ; Adam Smith ; John 

 Wilson, the Christopher North of 

 Blackwood's Magazine ; John Gib- 

 son Lockhart ; Charles Gibbon and 

 William Black, the novelists ; and 

 Alexander Smith the poet, whose 

 description of Glasgow in verse 

 still stands as the finest poetic con- 

 ception of S. Mungo's city. 



In 1920 under the scheme of the 

 British League of Help for the 

 Devastated Areas of France the 

 city of Glasgow adopted the 

 town of Vouziers, in the Aisne 

 district. 



Bibliography. Glasgow Past and 

 Present, Senex, Aliquis and others, 

 .ed. D. Robertson, 1884; Old Glas- 

 gow : the place and the people, A. 

 MacGeorge, 3rded. 1888 ; Municipal 

 Government in Great Britain, Dr. 

 Albert Shaw, 1895 ; The Book of 

 Glasgow Cathedral, various hands, 

 ed. G. Eyre-Todd, 1898 ; Early Glas- 



GLASGOW 



gow . . . from the earliest times to 

 the year 161 1, ,T. D. Marwick, ed. R. 

 Renwick, 1911 ; Extracts from the 

 Records of the Burgh of Glasgow, 

 ed. J. D. Marwick and R. Renwick, 

 6 vola., 1876-1911 (for the Scottish 

 Burgh Records Society) ; The Story 

 of Glasgow, G. Eyre-Todd, 1911 ; 

 Glasgow and Helensburgh : as re- 

 called by Sir Joseph D. Hooker, 

 David Murray, 1918. 



Glasgow UNIVERSITY. Scottish 

 University. Founded in 1450 by 

 William Turnbull, bishop of Glas- 

 gow, it found a 



Glasgow Univer- 

 sity arms 



home in the High 

 Street. Various 

 Scottish s o v e- 

 reigns made gifts 

 of land and other 

 property to it, 

 and there it re- 

 mained for about 

 four centuries. 

 In 1860 a new 

 site was bought on Gilmore Hill, 

 where a magnificent pile of build- 

 ings was erected in the Early 

 English style. They include lib- 

 rary, museum, classrooms, etc., 

 with houses for members of the 

 staff. Sir G. G. Scott was the archi- 

 tect, and the buildings were opened 

 in 1870, having cost 500,000. Parts 

 of them, Bute Hall and Randolph 

 Hall, were given by the benefactors 

 after whom they are named. Con- 

 nected with the university is the 

 Royal Observatory on Dowan 

 Hill. 



The university has a chancellor 

 and a lord rector, the latter elected 

 by the students voting by nations, 

 of which there are four. Its work- 

 ing head is the principal and it has 

 faculties in art, science, divinity, 

 medicine and law. In the 19th cen- 

 tury it received many additional 

 benefactions, and it has many 

 scholarships and bursaries, includ- 

 ing the Snell exhibition to Oxford. 

 Women, equally with men, are ad- 

 mitted to its degrees, and for them 

 there is a college, Queen Margaret, 

 founded in 1883. Affiliated to it 

 is the Royal Technical College, 

 which provides courses for those 

 seeking degrees in applied science. 

 The university was at the height of 

 its fame in the 18th century, when 

 Adam Smith, Sir William Hamil- 

 ton, John Wilson, and other noted 

 Scotsmen were educated here, as 

 were a number of Englishmen. Ear- 

 lier, in the time of the Civil War, it 

 has been visited by many English- 

 men, although then rather for 

 religious reasons. 



Glasgow. British light cruiser, 

 one of the Bristol (q.v.) class. Com. 

 pletedin 1911, she displaced 4,800 

 tons ; length overall, 453 ft. ; carried 

 two 6-in. guns, ten 4-in., and had a 

 speed of 25 '8 knots. She escaped 

 from Coronel and took part in the 



