GLASS SELLERS' COMPANY 



3555 



GLAUBER'S SALT 



of nearly 100, and its grains should 

 be angular and of medium to fine 

 grade. The presence of iron spoils 

 sands for best uses. 



Sands with heavy minerals and 

 other impurities are used only for 

 rough bottle-glass. The purest 

 glass-sand comes from Fontaino- 

 bleau and Lippe, being composed 

 of water-clear quartz with less 

 than 0'02 p.c. of heavy minerals 

 and free from coating of impurities. 

 British localities for good sands Li- 

 clude the Lower Greensand beds of 

 Aylesbury, King's Lynn, Leighton 

 Buzzard, and the Weald. See Glass. 

 Glass Sellers' Company. 

 London city livery company. In- 

 __ _ _ corporated in 

 "* 1664, it has one 

 trust, the John 

 Abbott scholar- 

 ship of 50 tena- 

 ble by a scholar 

 of the City of 

 London School at 

 Oxford or Cam- 



SSSS. 



Anne's Gate, London, S.W. 



Glass Snake (Ophisaurus ven- 

 trails}. Popular but erroneous 

 name for the Scheltopusik, a genus 

 of lizards found in Hungary, Greece, 



Glass Snake, a legless lizard, over 

 a yard in length 



Russia, Southern Asia, and N. 

 America. It is snake-like in form, 

 the limbs being either absent or 

 rudimentary, and the body is 

 covered with scales. It is per- 

 fectly harmless, and feeds on mice 

 and snails. See Lizard. 



Glass wort (Salicornia europaea) 

 OR MARSH SAMPHIRE. Annual leaf- 

 less herb of the natural order Cheno- 

 podiaceae. A native of Europe, N. 

 Africa, W. Asia, and N. America, it 

 has juicy, jointed stems and bran- 

 ches, joints spindle-shaped. The 

 minute flowers are in pairs, sunk in 

 a pit in the joints of the branches, 

 and have no petals. Glasswort 

 grows in salt marshes, and was so 

 called from having been burnt for- 

 merly to obtain soda from its ashes 

 (Barilla) for use in glass-making. 

 Its joints are pickled as a substi- 

 tute for real samphire (Crithmum)- 

 See Chenopodiaceae. 



Glastonbury. Borough and 

 market town of Somerset. It stands 

 on the Brue, 5% m. from Wells and 



Glasswort or Marsh Samphire. A 

 leafless herb with fleshy branches 



37 m. S.W. of Bath, and has a sta- 

 tion on the Somerset and Dorset 

 Rly. It is chiefly famous for its 

 abbey ruins, remains of a great 

 monastic house, belonging to the 

 Benedictines, which flourished here 

 until the Reformation. The most 

 complete of the ruins is that of S. 

 Joseph's Chapel, really the Lady 

 Chapel, and they show that the 

 abbey church must have been one 

 of the largest and noblest in Eng- 

 land. Near it is the abbot's 

 kitchen, an octagonal building, 

 and some distance away is the 

 abbot's barn. In the town is the 

 abbot's justice room. The abbey 

 buildings covered 40 acres, and the 

 abbey was one of the richest in 

 England. 



The chief buildings of the town 

 are the Perpendicular church of 

 S. John the Baptist, that of S. 

 Benedict, and S. John's Hospital, 

 a 13th century foundation. The 

 George Inn was ... 

 once a house for 

 pilgrims. There 

 is an antiquarian 

 museum. 



At the beginning 

 of the 7th century 

 the Benedictines 

 founded a monas- 

 tery here which 

 was replaced by 

 one which Dun- 

 s t a n, who was 

 abbot here, re- 

 stored and en- 

 larged in the 

 tenth century. 

 This was destroyed 

 by fire in 1184, when another and 

 finer one was erected, which lasted 

 until the dissolution of the monas- 

 teries. Until 1907 the ruins were 

 in private hands, after which they 

 were transferred to the diocese 

 of Bath and Wells. Tradition 

 ascribed the foundation to Joseph 



which grew up around the abbey, 

 was given municipal privileges in 

 1 706. Market day, Monday (alter- 

 nate). Pop. 4,250. (See Abbey; 

 Clock; consult also Architectural 

 Handbook of Glastonbury Abbey, 

 F. B. Bond, 1919.) 



The Glastonbury lake-villages 

 are two late Celtic settlements of 

 the crannog (q.v.) type near Glas- 

 tonbury. Discovered by Arthur 

 Bulleid in 1892, the principal one 

 was formed upon the fringes of a 

 morass by pile-surrounded brush- 

 wood fascines. Beneath peat 

 mounds 90 wattle-and-daub round 

 huts, 18 ft. to 35 ft. across, were 

 traced within 3i acres. The strati- 

 fied floors, successively remade and 

 rehearthed as the foundations sub- 

 sided, indicate 150 years of village 

 life before the Roman occupation. 

 The rarity of weapons 7 out of 

 109 iron objects betokens a peace- 

 ful settlement, with several local 

 industries. Another settlement 

 discovered in 1908 at Meare 

 village, 2 m. away, contained 

 similar remains. 



Glatz. Town of Germany. In 

 Silesia, it is 58 m. by rly. S.S.W. of 

 Breslau. It is on the Neisse, lying 

 between the Eulen Gebirge and the 

 Bohemian frontier. Above it rises 

 the lofty keep of the old castle, 

 while across the river is the fort 

 known as the Schaferberg. Notable 

 buildings are the parish church and 

 the town hall. Pop. 17,121. 



Glauber, JOHN RUDOLPH (1604- 

 68). German alchemist. Born at 

 Karlstadt, afterwards living at 

 Strasbourg, Basel, Frankfort-on- 





Glatz, Germany. The citadel overlooking the town 



Main, and Cologne, he died in 

 poverty in Amsterdam. His name 

 is perpetuated in Glauber's salts, 

 which he discovered and lauded as 

 a universal medicine. See Alchemy. 

 Glauber's Salt. Sodium sul- 

 phate, Na 2 SO 4 10H 2 0, colourless 

 crystals soluble in water. The dose 



of Arimathea, who, it is said, built is 30 to 120 grains for repeated 

 a church here and planted the thorn administration ; to |- oz. for single 

 which bloomed once a year on administration. It 



Christmas Day. It 

 place of pilgrimage 



is a useful 



long a purgative for the treatment of 

 The town, habitual constipation. 



