GLOVERS' COMPANY 



3566 



GLUE 



cotton dye-stuffs difficult to get 

 after the German dyes were shut 

 out, but it was a long time before 

 the British make approached the 

 perfection and reliability of the 

 imported article, with the result 

 that the reliable dyeing of glove 

 fabrics was a very difficult matter. 



Bibliography. A Complete View 

 of the Dress and Habits of the 

 English People from the Establish- 

 ment of the Saxons in Britain to the 

 Present Time, J. Strutt, 1842 ; 

 Gloves, their Annals and Associa- 

 tions, S. W. Beck, 1883 ; Chats on 

 Costume, G. W. Rhead, 1906 ; 

 Gloves Past and Present, W. M. 

 Smith, 1917 ; Other People's Know- 

 ledge about Gloves, W. M. Smith, 

 1918. 



Glovers' Company, THE. 

 London city livery company. First 

 mentioned in 1349, incorporated 

 with the Leather- 

 sellers in 1502, it 

 was separately 

 incorporated by 

 letters patent in 

 1638. The site of 

 the old hall, in 

 Beech Lane, E.G., 

 Glovers' Company is covered by 

 arms warehouses. The 



offices are 2, Moorgate Street Build- 

 ings, E.G. 



Gloversville. City of New 

 York, U.S.A., in Fulton co. On the 

 Erie Canal, 64 m. N.W. of Albany, 

 it is served by the Fonda, Johns- 

 town and Gloversville Rly. It 

 contains a state armoury, a federal 

 building, a public library, and the 

 Nathan Littauer hospital. The 

 chief glove-making centre in the 

 U.S.A., its other industries include 

 tanning and the manufacture of 

 various leather articles. Settled 

 about 1769 and for several years 

 called Stump City, Gloversville 

 was incorporated in 1851 and be- 

 came a city in 1890. Pop. 22,314. 

 Glow Lamp. Alternative name 

 for the incandescent electric lamp. 

 It is so called from the fact that 

 electricity is made to pass through a 

 fine conductor, e.g. carbon filaments 

 or platinum wires, causing them to 

 glow. See Lighting, Electric. 



Glow-worm. Name given to 

 the female of the beetle Lampyris 

 noctiluca. It is common in many 

 parts of Great Britain and through- 

 out central and southern Europe. 

 While the male possesses large 

 elytra and has the usual appear- 

 ance of a beetle, the female is wing- 

 less and grublike in form, resemb- 

 ling a larva rather than a perfect 

 insect. It derives its name from 

 the presence of luminous spots on 

 the abdomen, which appear to 

 attract the male. See Beetle. 



Gloxinia. Hot-house plants of 

 the natural order Gesneriaceae. 

 They are natives of Central Asia 



and India, and were introduced 

 into Britain in 1739. They reach 

 an average height of 1 ft. and 

 have elongated, bell-shaped blos- 

 soms of every possible shade and 

 colour. They may be raised from 



Gloxinia. Foliage and flowers of 

 G. sinningia 



seed planted in March in an 

 ordinary greenhouse, or from the 

 tubers potted up early in the year. 

 Gloxinias need watering freely 

 until they flower, but when the 

 foliage withers, water should be 

 gradually diminished in supply 

 until the tubers are quite dry. 

 There are about six species in 

 cultivation, but the hybrids are 

 innumerable. 



Glucinum. Variant name of the 

 chemical element beryllium (ff.v.). 



Gluck, ClIRISTOPH WlLLIBALD 



VON (1714-87). German composer. 

 Born at Weidenwang, Bavaria, 

 July 2, 1714,he 

 studied music 

 at Prague and 

 later at Milan. 

 After prod uc- 

 ing a number 

 of operas of 

 the c o n v e n- 

 tiorial type, he 

 realized the 

 need of drastic 

 reforms in the 

 character o f 

 opera and in- 

 troduced these into his works. His 

 Orfeo ed Euridice, produced in 

 1 762, is a landmark in the history 

 of opera, and shows his ideas of 

 making the relation of the music to 

 the poetry more harmonious, resem- 

 bling that between the arrangement 

 of light and shade in drawing. 



His opera Iphigenie en Aulide 

 (Paris, 1774) was the occasion of 

 a struggle between the two musical 

 schools in which Gluck's party was 

 victorious over the followers of 

 Piccinni. Gluck was at one time 

 music master to Marie Antoinette. 

 For long he resided in Vienna and 

 received from the emperor the title 

 of Ritter von. He died there, 

 Nov. 15, 1787. 



Glucose. Dextrose or grape 

 sugar. It is a carbohydrate present 

 in many fruits, and in honey. It is 

 the form of sugar which is present 

 in the blood in the disease diabetes. 

 Under the influence of yeast it is 

 converted into ethyl alcohol and 

 carbonic acid. See Dextrose; Sugar. 



Glucosides. Class of substances, 

 occurring in the vegetable kingdom, 

 which yield glucose (dextrose) on 

 fermentation or by the action of 

 dilute acids. Among the glucosides 

 there are several which are em- 

 ployed in medicine, as digitalin, 

 digitonin, and digitoxin obtained 

 from foxglove (Digitalis purpurea); 

 jalapin from Ipomoea orizabensis 

 and Convolvulus scammonia ; sali- 

 cin from the willow, and strophan- 

 thin from strophanthus seeds. 

 Some glucosides yield hydrocyanic 

 (prussic) acid, and have caused the 

 death of cattle. Saponin is a glu- 

 coside to which the frothing pro- 

 perties of many plants are due. 



Glue. Impure gelatin used for 

 its adhesive qualities to hold to- 

 gether various substances, chiefly 

 wood. It is prepared from both the 

 skins and bones of animals, the 

 skins producing a far stronger glue 

 than the bones. Fish glue is pre- 

 pared by boiling the skin and tissue 

 of cod and other fish, and properly 

 manufactured is as good as hide 

 glue. Liquid glue is glue which has 

 been treated with nitric or acetic 

 acid to prevent it from gelatin- 

 ising, without destroying any of 

 its adhesive qualities. Marine glue 

 is a solution of rubber and shellac 

 in naphtha or benzene, and is used 

 in shipbuilding for its property of 

 resisting moisture. A mixture of 

 linseed oil and quicklime heated 

 together is another form of water- 

 proof glue. There are a large 

 number of other varieties of glues 

 prepared for special purposes, as 

 repairing glass, ivory, etc., and 

 many of these contain no gelatin. 



During the Great War the manu- 

 facture of the best glues became of 

 great importance with the sudden 

 increase in the demand for them in 

 connexion with aeroplanes. The 

 necessity for having a reliable glue 

 brought to light the fact that the 

 study of gelatins and allied pro- 

 ducts had been neglected by Brit- 

 ish chemists, though a certain 

 amount of research had been car- 

 ried out by foreign chemists. " 



When prepared from skins, glu- 

 tin is the main adhesive constitu- 

 ent, and chondrin from bone tis- 

 sues. The bones chiefly used are 

 the heads, ribs, shoulder blades, 

 etc., of cattle, horses, etc. They are 

 thoroughly sorted, passed through a 

 mill to crack them, and then placed 

 in solvents, benzol, or petroleum 

 ether, for the extraction of the 



