GODWIN 



3578 



GOES 



hand, and Godwin and his sons 

 were exiled. In 1053, however, he 

 returned and was restored to his 

 estates and dignities. He died 

 April 15, 1053. Godwin, whose 

 name is perpetuated in the Good- 

 win Sands, is regarded as the pro- 

 tagonist of the English against the 

 growing influence of the Normans. 

 Harold II was one of his sons ; 

 others were Sweyn, Tostig, Gurth, 

 and Leofwine. See The Norman 

 Conquest, E. A. Freeman, 1870-76. 

 See Goodwin Sands. 



Godwin, MARY (1759-97). 

 English writer. Born at Hoxton, 

 London. April 27, ]759, daughter 

 of Edward 

 John Wall- 

 stonecraft, 

 after living at 

 Epping and 

 Beverley, 

 Yorkshire, 

 where she re- 

 ceived the 

 principal part 

 Mary Godwin, of her educa- 

 English writer tion> ghe left 

 After opie an unc ongenial 



home in 1778, and became compan- 

 ion to a Mrs. Dawson, at Bath. In 

 1783, with a Miss Blood, she opened 

 school at Islington, later removed 

 to Newington Green. She was for 

 a time governess in the family of 

 Lord Kingsborough, and in 1787 

 decided to adopt a literary career. 

 In 1786 the London publisher, 

 Johnson, had given her lOgs. for a 

 pamphlet entitled Thoughts on the 

 Education of Daughters. She was 

 assistant editor of The Analytical 

 Review ; translated Salzmann's 

 Elements of Morality; in 1791 pub- 

 lished her Answer to Burke's Re- 

 flections on the French Revolution ; 

 and in 1792 issued her Vindication 

 of the Rights of Woman. 



In Paris, where she witnessed 

 the Terror and collected materials 

 for her unfinished work on the 

 Revolution, 1794, she met Gilbert 

 Imlay, arid bore him a daughter, 

 Fanny, 1794, who committed suicide 

 in 1816. She tried to drown herself 

 from Putney Bridge as a result of 

 Imlay's desertion ; married William 

 Godwin, March 29, 1797 ; and on 

 Aug. 30 in the same year bore him 

 a daughter, Mary, who became the 

 second wife of the poet Shelley. 

 She died Sept. 10, 1797. See her 

 Letters to Imlay, new ed., ed. C. K. 

 Paul, 1879 ; Memoirs, W. Godwin, 

 1798; Life, Mrs. E. R. Pennell, 

 1885; Study, E. Rauschenbusch- 

 Clough, 1898. 



Godwin, WILLIAM (1756-1836). 

 English political writer and novel- 

 ist. Born at Wisbech, Cambridge- 

 shire, March 3, 1756, for some years 

 he was a Dissenting minister. In 

 1785 he became a freethinker 



<$&>' 



and a republican, and in 1793 ob- 

 tained considerable reputation by 

 the publication of his Enquiry con- 

 cerning Poli- 

 tical Justice, a 

 gospel of the 

 purest anar- 

 chism. In 1791 

 he brought out 

 The Ad ventu res 

 of Caleb Wil- 

 liams, a novel 

 of extraordin- 

 ary power, 

 wherein he 

 y presented 



After j.Nonhc te.R.A. Falkland, the 

 first of his self-torturing and un- 

 fortunate heroes. On these two 

 books his fame is based, but he i.s 

 probably best known as the father- 

 in-law of Shelley. He died in Lon- 

 don, April 7, 1836. See Shelley, 

 Godwin and their Circle, H. N. 

 Brailsford, 1913. ; 



Godwin- Austen. Lofty mt. of 

 Central Asia, the second highest 

 known peak in the world (28,278ft. ). 

 It is situated on the N.E. frontier of 

 Kashmir, and is the culminating 

 point of the Mustagh or Karakoram 

 range. Designated on the Indian 

 survey maps as " K 2," it was also 

 called Dapsang, and in 1888 re- 

 ceived its present name after 

 Lt.-Col. H. H. Godwin-Austen, of 

 theTrigonometricalSurve}'- of India. 

 God wit (Limosa}. Genus of 

 wading birds belonging to the 

 snipe group. Two'species, the bar- 



Godwit. The black-tailed variety, 



Limosa belgica 



tailed (L. lapponica) and the black- 

 tailed (L. belgica) godwits, occur 

 in Great Britain as birds of pas- 

 sage, though they appear to breed 

 there no longer. They have long 

 legs and beaks, the plumage barred 

 with white and brown, and are 

 usually found about shores and 

 estuaries. 



Goeben. German battle cruiser. 

 Built at Hamburg in 1911, her 

 length was 610 ft., beam 96 ft., and 

 displacement 22,640 tons. Engines 

 of 70,000 h.p. gave a speed of 28 

 knots per hour ; her armour was a 

 10-in. belt, with 10 ins. on her con- 

 ning, tower and a 2-in. protective 

 deck. Guns were eight 14-in., 



Goeben. The German battle cruiser 

 when she fell into British hands 



twelve 6 -in., twelve 12-pounders. A 

 sister ship to the Moltke, the Goeben 

 achieved much notoriety by her 

 escape into Turkish waters, in com- 

 pany with theBreslau, Aug. 6, 1914, 



When the Great War broke out 

 the two ships were in the Aegean 

 Sea. On Aug. 6, 1914, the British 

 Mediterranean fleet got into touch 

 with them off Messina and gave 

 chase, but they escaped into the 

 Dardanelles. A secret court-martial 

 inquiry into the incident was held 

 by the Admiralty, as a result of 

 which the officer tried was ac- 

 quitted. Later the Goeben became 

 very active in the Dardanelles, and 

 for some time led the Turkish fleet. 

 On Jan. 20, 1918, in company with 

 the Breslau, she made a dash from 

 the Dardanelles and attacked the 

 British ships off Mudros. As a 

 result both enemy vessels were 

 driven 'into minefields, where the 

 Breslau sank and the Goeben sus- 

 tained much injury. Whilst ashore 

 in the Dardanelles the Goeben was 

 bombed by British aircraft, but 

 again escaped. Next she joined the 

 enemy fleet in the Black Sea, and 

 was there injured by running upon 

 enemy mines. When the British 

 fleet entered the Sea of Marmora, 

 after the armistice, they found the 

 Goeben lying jcrippled at Ismid 

 and took her over. 



Goes on TER GOES. Town of the 

 island of S. Bevel and, Netherlands, 

 in the prov. of Zeeland. It is 

 situated in the N. part of the 

 island, of which it is the chief town, 

 20 m. W.N.W. of Bergen-op-Zoom. 

 It has a lofty Gothic church, conse- 

 crated in 1423, and remnants of 

 the chateau of Ostende, once the 

 residence of the Countess Jaqueline 

 of Bavaria. The town hall contains 

 fine pictures by Flemish artists. 



