GOULBURN 



3624 



GOUNOD 



Goulburn. River of Victoria, 

 Australia. It is 345 m. long, a 

 tributary of the Murray, which it 

 joins 9 m. E. of Echuca. It flows 

 in a N.W. direction through good 

 agricultural and gold-bearing 

 country, and is stocked with trout. 

 It is navigable in its lower reaches. 

 Goulburn. Town of New South 

 Wales. A rly. junction ] 34 m. S. W. 

 of Sydney on the main line to Mel- 

 bourne, it stands on the Wollon- 

 dilly river,, in an agricultural, 

 dairying district. It possesses two 

 cathedrals, Anglican and Roman 

 Catholic, fine public buildings, and 

 tanneries, boot factories, breweries, 

 and flour mills. Pop. 10,023. 



Gould, SIR ALFRED PEARCE 

 (1852-1922). British surgeon. Son 

 of George Gould, a Baptist minister, 

 he was edu- 

 cated at Amer- 

 sham Hall 

 School, Read- 

 ing, and Uni- 

 versityCollege, 

 London, where 

 he graduated 

 i n medicine. 

 In 1877 he 

 joined the staff Sir A. Pearce Gould, 

 of the West- British surgeon 

 minster Hos- Kwssel1 



pital, and in 1882 that of the 

 Middlesex Hospital, where he be- 

 came lecturer and consulting sur- 

 geon. As a surgeon, he soon had a 

 large practice, and his reputation 

 won for him the position of presi- 

 dent of the Medical Society of 

 London and other honours. He 

 was also vice-chancellor of London 

 University and president of the 

 Rontgen Society. During the 

 Great War he was surgeon in 

 charge at one of the great London 

 hospitals. Knighted in ]9J1, Sir 

 Alfred wrote several works on 

 surgery, a notable one being The 

 Elements of Surgical Diagnosis, 

 5th ed. 1919. He died April 19", 1922. 

 Gould, SIR FRANCIS CARRUTIJERS 

 (1844-1925). British caricaturist. 

 Born at Barnstaple, Dec. 2, 1844, 

 tor many years 

 he was a mem- 

 ber of the Lon- 

 don Stock Ex- 

 change, where 

 his talent for 

 producing 

 clever sketches 

 of a humorous 

 and satirical 

 order became 

 1 w e 1 1 known. 

 Having illus- 

 trated the 

 Christmas numbers of Truth with 

 remarkable acceptance, he formally 

 embarked upon the profession of 

 caricaturist, working for The Pall 

 Mall Gazette. 



E. a. 



Later he transferred his services 

 to The Westminster Gazette, of 

 which his cartoons soon became an 

 outstanding feature. Many of his 

 political pictures have appeared 

 in volume form, and his other 

 publications include Froissart's 

 Modem Chronicles. He was 

 knighted 1900 ; died Jan. 1, 1925. 

 Gould, GEORGE JAY (b. J864). 

 American capitalist. Eldest son of 

 Jay Gould, he was born Feb. 6, 

 1864, and in 1885 became a mem- 

 ber of the New York Stock Ex- 

 change. A partner in the banking 

 firm of W. E. Connor & Co., he 

 turned his attention to rly a. about 

 1888, and at different times was 

 president of over fourteen rlys. 

 and manager of many other con- 

 cerns, including the Western Union 

 Telegraph System. 



Gould, JAY (1836-92). Ameri- 

 can capitalist. Born at Roxbury, 

 New York, May 27, 1836, he left 

 , ,.,,^ his father's 



^X**' | farm at the 



age of 16 and 



i*H| 8t I ^ entered an 

 | ironmongery 

 \ store. Here he 

 } remained until 

 Wk. '-, 1 856, spending 

 his spare time 

 in the study 

 of surveying. 

 After a ven- 

 ture in the lumber trade, he took 

 advantage of the rly. panic of 1857 

 to buy a controlling interest in the 

 Rutland (N.Y.) Washington Rly. 

 Two years later he opened a 

 broker's business in New York. 



In 1856 he became president of 

 the Erie railroad, of which he had 

 obtained the controlling interest, 

 and manipulated rly. stock to enor- 

 mous profit. The Union Pacific, 

 Missouri Pacific, Wabash, Texas 

 Pacific, St. Louis and Northern, and 



Jay Gould, 

 American capitalist 



St. Louis and San Francisco Rlys. 

 were all controlled by him, whilst in 

 1881 he formed the Western Union 

 Telegraph System. He died on 

 Dec. 2, ]892. 



Gounod, FRAN go is CHARLES 

 (1818-93). French composer. He 

 was born, the son of a painter, at 

 Paris on June 

 17, 1818, and 

 entered the 

 conservatoire 

 of Paris in 

 1836. After 

 s t u dyin g 

 there under 

 Fromental 

 Halevy, he 

 went to Italy 

 as winner of 

 the Prix de 

 Rome. On 

 his return to 

 Paris he became organist at the 

 chapel of the Missions Etrangeres. 

 His name was brought into public 

 notice by the production of his 

 first opera, Sappho, in!851, and his 

 next operatic success was in 1858 

 with a clever setting of Le Medecin 

 malgre Lui. Gounod's version of 

 Goethe's Faust, which set him in 

 the forefront of operatic composers, 

 was brought out in Paris in 1859. 

 Its first performance in London 

 was in 1863. 



Henceforth his work secured a 

 ready hearing, and there came 

 Philemon et Baucis, 1860, and La 

 Reine de Saba, 1862, which has 

 always met with more success 

 abroad than in France. Mireille, on 

 a libretto of the Proven9al poet 

 Mistral, appeared in 1864, and his 

 fine rendering of the story of 

 Romeo and Juliet in 1867. Mean- 

 while he had also been writing 

 much other music, sacred and 

 secular, notably the Mass of S. 

 Cecilia, 1855. Among his other 



F. C. Gould. Example of his political caricature. " A meeting of the Tariff 



Committee of the Birmingham Liberal Unionist Association. AH its members 



are said to have been present." July 21, 1903 



By vermiitl'jH of The Westminster Gazette 



