GRAY'S PEAK 



3658 



GREAT BASIN 



were formerly attached. The cog- 

 nizance of the society is a griffin, 

 which was engraved in a work by 

 Edmund Bunny, The Sceptre of 

 Judah, 1584, inscribed Gryphus 

 Graiensis. 



The hall, 1555-60, in which 

 Shakespeare's Comedy of Errors 

 was acted, 1594, is lighted by mul- 

 lioned and transomed windows, 

 with a bay window N., has an open 

 hammer- beam roof, carved wains- 

 cotting and screen, and some not- 

 able portraits. Here, on every 

 crand night, is honoured the toast, 

 To the glorious, pious, and im- 

 mortal memory of Queen Eliza- 

 beth. During the Great War it 

 narrowly escaped destruction, an 

 incendiary bomb which fell on 

 an adjoining lobby being success- 

 fully extinguished before much 

 serious damage was done. The 

 chapel is thought to occupy the site 

 of the old chantry of Port-pool. The 

 library, rebuilt 1883-84, contains 

 30,000 volumes and MSS. The 

 walks or gardens, the special glory 

 of the inn, were laid out 1597- 

 1600, according to tradition under 

 the supervision of Francis Bacon, 

 who is said to 

 have planted the 

 famous cat alp a 

 tree (see Indian 

 Bean), the oldest 

 in England, which 

 may have been 

 brought across 

 the Atlantic by Gray's Inn arms 

 Raleigh! Tn Charles II' s time and 

 later the walks formed a fashion- 

 able promenade. 



Bacon had chambers at No. 1, 

 Coney Court (burnt 1678), from 

 1576-1626 : here he wrote his 

 Novum Organum, planned his 

 Garden of the Months, and dated 

 his Essays. Re was made a bencher, 

 1586, d\iplex reader 1600, and 

 treasurer 1608. A memorial statue 

 by F. W. Pomeroy was unveiled in 

 South Square, June 2, 1912. Other 

 eminent names associated with the 

 inn are those of Nicholas Bacon, 



Gray's Inn, London. The 16th century hall, with fine 



panelling and hammer-beam roof ; looking towards the 



benchers' table 



Graz, Austria. The Haupt Platz or principal square. 

 On the bill bemml is the citadel 



Lord Burghley, Samuel Butler, 

 George Gascoigne, the poet ; Sir 

 William Gascoisne, the judye ; 

 Oliver Goldsmith, Edmund Hall, 

 the chronicler ; Sir Thomas Gres- 

 harn, Samuel Johnson, Archbishop 

 Laud, T. B. Macaulay, Sir Samuel 

 Rornilly, James Shirley, Sir Philip 

 Sidney. Robert Southey, and Arch- 

 bishop Whitgift. Within the 

 Jacobean gateway, in Holborn, 

 Jacob Tonson had a bookshop. 

 Dickens was clerk to a firm of 

 attorneys in Gray's Inn, which 

 was also noteworthy for its rookery 

 until the birds were driven off by 

 carrion crows. See Gray's Inn : 

 Its History and Associations, W. 

 R. Douthwaite, 1886 ; Chronicles 

 of an Old Inn, Andree Hope, 1889. 

 Gray's Peak. Summit of the 

 Rocky Mts. in Colorado, U.S.A. 

 Situated about 50 m. W. of Den- 

 ver, it attains an alt. of 14,341 ft., 

 and is named in honour of Asa 

 Gray, the American botanist. 



Graz OR GRATZ. Town of Aus- 

 tria, the capital of Styria. It is 

 situated on both banks of the Mur, 

 here crossed by seven bridges, 90 

 m. S.W. of Vienna. Graz lies in 

 picturesque surroundings, the ori- 

 ginal town having grown up round 

 the Schlossberg or citadel, which 

 commands a fine view. Among the 

 notable buildings 

 } are the Gothic 

 | cathedral (15th 

 \ century), the 

 parish church 

 with an altar- 

 piece by Tinto- 

 retto, and the 

 Renaissance 

 Landhaus. The 

 Johanneum con- 

 tains many in- 

 teresting collec- 

 tions and a library 

 of nearly 200,000 

 volumes. The 

 university, found- 

 ed in 1573, has 

 four faculties, and 



before the Great 

 War had about 

 2,000 students. 

 Craz is industri- 

 ally important, 

 with large steel 

 works and rly. 

 shops. Other 

 manufactures are 

 doth, leather, 

 paper, etc. Pop. 

 151,781. 



Graziani, 

 GENERAL. French 

 soldier. In the 

 Great War he 

 was appointed 

 chief of the staff 

 in 1915, and 

 attended im- 

 councils, including 



General Graziani, 

 French soldier 



portant war 

 that of Jan 

 1916, in Lon- 

 don. He re 

 signed through 

 ill-health,Sept., 

 1916. In 1918 

 he commanded 

 the 12th French 

 corps in Italy, 

 and from March 

 -0 c t. cooper- 

 ated with the 

 British. 



Grazier. One who pastures 

 and rears cattle for the market as 

 distinct from one who breeds stock. 

 See Agriculture ; Cattle , Farm. 



Great Adventure, THE. Modern 

 comedy by Arnold Bennett, found- 

 ed on his novel Buried Alive. It 

 was produced at The Kings way, 

 London, March 25, 1913, and ran 

 for 673 performances. The lead- 

 ing parts were played by Henry 

 Ainley and Wish Wynne. 



Great Barrier Reef. Coral 

 reef 1,200 m. long, off the N.E. 

 coast of Australia. It covers an 

 area of 100,000 sq. m., and is the 

 greatest oceanic feature of its 

 kind in the World. It acts as a 

 vast natural breakwater, the chan- 

 nel separating it from the Queens- 

 land coast 10 m. to 30 m. wide 

 providing a safe sea passage of 

 extraordinary tropical beauty, 

 studded with islands, of which 

 Hinchinbrook is the largest. There 

 are numerous deep sea passages 

 across it, opposite which lie im- 

 portant towns (e.g. Townsville 

 and Rockhampton), and river- 

 mouths (Burdekin, Fitzroy, Bur- 

 nett), Raine Inlet being the safest. 

 Pearl and b^che-de-mer fishing is 

 carried on. Captain Cook was the 

 first to cross the reef. See Coral 

 Reef ; consult also Great ^Barrier 

 Reef, W. Kent Saville, 1894. 



Great Basin. Interior drainage 

 area of the western U.S.A. It 

 covers nearly the whole of Nevada 

 and parts of Utah, Idaho, Oregon, . 



