GREENE 



Greene, 'HARRY PLTJNKET (b. 

 1865). British singer. Born in 

 Dublin, June 24, 1865, a son of 

 Richard J. Greene and a grandson 

 of Lord Plunket, he was educated 

 at Clifton College. He was origin- 

 ally intended for the bar, but the de- 

 velopment of his voice induced him 

 to study for the musical profession 

 at Stuttgart and Florence. In 

 1888 he appeared in London as 

 a baritone in The Messiah, and 

 afterwards took leading parts in 

 oratorio and opera, while his inter- 

 pretation of the great classical 

 songs revealed high artistic power. 

 Greene also became professor of 

 singing at the Royal Academy of 

 Music and the Royal College of 

 Music. 



Greene, NATHANAEL (1742- 

 1786). American soldier. Born 

 Aug. 7, 1742, at Potowomut, 

 Rhode Island, 

 the son of a 

 Quaker, on the 

 outbreak o f 

 the War of 

 Independen c e 

 he enlisted as a 

 private in the 

 colonial army. 

 In 1775 he was 

 appointed to 

 the command 

 of the Rhode 

 Island con- 

 tingent with 

 the rank of 

 brigadier- 

 general. At 

 the battle of 

 Brandy wine he 

 led a reserve 

 force, and in 

 1780 he was 

 made com- 

 mander of the 

 army of the 

 South,in which 

 capacity he eventually cleared 

 Georgia and N. and S. Carolina of 

 the British. He died near Savannah, 

 June 19, 1786. 



Greene, ROBERT (c. 1560-1592). 

 English poet and prose writer. 

 Bora at Norwich, and educated at 

 S. John's College and Clare Hall, 

 Cambridge, he was one of the 

 founders of English romantic 

 comedy and prose fiction. His 

 prose pastoral Pandosto inspired 

 Shakespeare's Winter's Tale. He 

 died in poverty, Sept. 3, 1592, and 

 was buried near Bethlem Hospital, 

 Bishopsgate, London. 



Of some forty works attributed 

 to him, most of which are pamphlets 

 containing idyllic pictures of 

 womanhood, impressions of country 

 ife, and descriptions of the shady 

 side of the London of his day, the 

 most important are the plays, 

 Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay, 



from the statue in the 

 Capitol, Washington 



James IV, and Pandosto, and the 

 autobiographical Groatsworth of 

 )Wit, containing a reference to "the 

 only Shake-scene," which is gen- 

 erally assumed to be a depreciation 

 of Shakespeare, to whose Henry VI 

 and Titus Andronicus he is believed 

 to have contributed. He wrote 

 some charming lyrics, notably in 

 his Menaphon. His first romance, 

 Mamillia, was influenced by the 

 Euphues of Lyly. His complete 

 works were edited by Grosart, 

 1881-86, and his plays and poems 

 by Churton Collins, 1905. 



Green Earth. Name given to a 

 dark greenish soft mineral sub- 

 stance, a hydrous silicate rich in 

 iron. It is found chiefly in cavities 

 of eruptive rocks or ancient lavas. 



Greenfinch OR GREEN LINNET 

 (Lirjurinus chloris). Common Brit- 

 ish song-bird. Usually found in 





L: 



Greenfinch, a British hedgerow 

 song-bird * 



fields and hedgerows, it is greenish 

 yellow on the back, with yellow 

 underparts, and is one of the 

 handsomest of the smaller birds. 

 The hen is less brightly coloured 

 than the male. The greenfinch feeds 

 upon grain and seeds. 



Green-Fly. Popular name for 

 various species of plant-lice (Aphis) 

 of the insect order Hemiptera- 

 Homoptera. They are soft-skinned, 

 with six delicate legs and the mouth 

 modified into a very fine piercing 

 organ through which they suck 

 continuously the juices of plants. 

 The young are hatched out in a 

 form similar to the adult, so there 

 is no transformation. Theoretically 

 the adults have four exceedingly 

 delicate and hyaline wings with 

 only a few strengthening nervures ; 

 but few of the summer brood ever 

 develop wings. Winged individuals 

 are numerous in the autumn brood. 



After pairing these produce eggs 

 which hatch in spring, the brood 

 consisting mainly of imperfect, 

 wingless females which, without 

 pairing, bring forth living young 

 which after three weeks exhibit 

 the same power of virgin pro- 

 duction, which is continued 

 through several generations. It 

 is this power which accounts for 

 the enormous and rapid multi- 

 plication of green-fly on roses, etc. 

 Most species of green-fly are pro- 



GREENHEARt 



vided on the upper surface of the 

 hind-body with a pair of tubes 

 through which liquid wax is 

 ejected at their enemies ich- 

 neumon-wasps, lady-birds, and 

 syrphus-flies. 



i It was formerly supposed that 

 ants derived honey-dew from 

 these tubes, but this sweet sub- 

 stance is really the excrement of 

 the Aphides. On account of the 

 advantage thus derived, ants fre- 

 quently take special care of flocks 

 of green-fly that they place on 

 suitable plants roots in the case 

 of certain subterranean species. 

 Green-fly may be brown, grey, or 

 black coloured as well as green. 

 See Insects. 



Greenford. Urban dist. and 

 parish of Middlesex, England. It 

 is 8 m. W.N.W. of London by the 

 G.W.R. It was styled Greneforde 

 in Domesday Book, and Greenford 

 Magna to * distinguish it from 

 Greenford Parva, which has been 

 generally known since the 16th 

 century as Perivale (q.v.). Situated 

 between Southall and Harrow, the 

 manor belonged to Westminster 

 Abbey until the dissolution, and 

 passed in 1550 to the see of London. 

 The rectory and advowson have be- 

 longed since 1725 to King's College, 

 Cambridge. The early Perpendicu- 

 lar flint and brick church, dedicated 

 to the Holy Cross, and restored 

 in 1871 and 1882, contains some 

 brasses and examples of old stained 

 glass. In the adjacent hamlet of 

 Greenford Green is the factory, on 

 the Grand Junction Canal, still used 

 for industrial purposes, in which 

 Perkin perfected his production of 

 aniline dyes from coal tar. Horsen- 

 den Hill, a well-known eminence, 

 is between Greenford Green and 

 Perivale. Pop. 1,064. 



Greengage. Fruit tree of the 

 natural order Rosaceae, and genus 

 Prunus. The greengage is really 

 a variety of plum and needs the 

 same system of culture. It was 

 first introduced into Great Britain 

 from the monastery of Chartreuse 

 in France, by Lord Gage, and it is 

 supposed that the fruit is one of 

 the primary and necessary in- 

 gredients in the preparation of 

 the liqueur which bears the name 

 of the monastery. It is largely 

 grown in France, from which the 

 chief supplies of Great Britain are 

 derived. It is greatly valued as a 

 dessert fruit. See Plum. 



Greengrocer. English name 

 for a retailer of fresh fruit and 

 vegetables. See Grocer. 



Greenheart (Nectandra rodiaei). 

 Timber-tree of the natural order 

 Lauraceae. A native of -British 

 Guiana, it attains a height of 60 or 

 70 ft. It has alternate leathery 

 leaves and tubular flowers. Its 



